A Review of 3D Polymeric Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: Principles, Fabrication Techniques, Immunomodulatory Roles, and Challenges.
additive manufacturing
biopolymers
customized therapy 3D scaffolds
nanofabrication techniques
rapid prototyping
tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Journal
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2306-5354
Titre abrégé: Bioengineering (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101676056
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 Feb 2023
03 Feb 2023
Historique:
received:
18
11
2022
revised:
29
01
2023
accepted:
31
01
2023
entrez:
25
2
2023
pubmed:
26
2
2023
medline:
26
2
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Over the last few years, biopolymers have attracted great interest in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to the great diversity of their chemical, mechanical, and physical properties for the fabrication of 3D scaffolds. This review is devoted to recent advances in synthetic and natural polymeric 3D scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (BTE) and regenerative therapies. The review comprehensively discusses the implications of biological macromolecules, structure, and composition of polymeric scaffolds used in BTE. Various approaches to fabricating 3D BTE scaffolds are discussed, including solvent casting and particle leaching, freeze-drying, thermally induced phase separation, gas foaming, electrospinning, and sol-gel techniques. Rapid prototyping technologies such as stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, and 3D bioprinting are also covered. The immunomodulatory roles of polymeric scaffolds utilized for BTE applications are discussed. In addition, the features and challenges of 3D polymer scaffolds fabricated using advanced additive manufacturing technologies (rapid prototyping) are addressed and compared to conventional subtractive manufacturing techniques. Finally, the challenges of applying scaffold-based BTE treatments in practice are discussed in-depth.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36829698
pii: bioengineering10020204
doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10020204
pmc: PMC9952306
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
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