[Expert consensus on the application of pathogenic diagnostic techniques for viral encephalitis and meningitis].

Viral encephalitis (meningitis) is a common infectious disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which is an inflammatory disease caused by viruses invading the brain parenchyma and meninges. It is a global disease and a serious threat to human health as an acute and severe medical condition. CNS infections can be caused by a variety of viruses, including herpes viruses, enteroviruses, and arboviruses, etc. Identification and diagnosis of the pathogens remains a major clinical challenge. In order to standardize the application of nucleic acid and antibody tests of patients with viral encephalitis (meningitis), experts in the field of virology, infectious diseases, clinical medicine and laboratory testing in China reached the consensus after repeated discussions. The current consensus mainly consists of the domestic and foreign pathogen types, the detection techniques, the detection strategies and schemes for Chinese viral encephalitis, thereby providing a reference for the clinical diagnosis and disease prevention and control of viral encephalitis (meningitis). 病毒性脑（膜）炎是常见的中枢神经系统感染性疾病，是病毒侵袭脑实质与脑膜导致的炎症性疾病。病毒性脑（膜）炎呈世界性分布，临床以急症和重症常见，严重威胁人类健康。多种病毒可导致中枢神经系统感染，包括疱疹病毒、肠道病毒和虫媒病毒等，病原体鉴定仍是病毒性脑（膜）炎在临床上的主要难题。为规范、合理地应用病原体诊断技术开展脑脊液的病毒核酸检测与抗体检测，由国内病毒学、传染病学、临床医学及医学检验等领域的专家组成的专家组，经反复讨论达成本共识，主要从国内外病毒性脑（膜）炎病原种类、检测技术及检测策略等方面进行阐述，并提出针对我国病毒性脑（膜）炎病原体的检测策略和方案，以期为病毒性脑（膜）炎的临床诊断以及疾病预防控制提供参考。.