Psychosis Induced by Methylphenidate in Children and Young Patients With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

adhd amphetamine delusions dosage of mph hallucinations methylphenidate psychosis psychostimulants schizophrenia treatment of adhd

Journal

Cureus
ISSN: 2168-8184
Titre abrégé: Cureus
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101596737

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jan 2023
Historique:
received: 28 08 2022
accepted: 28 01 2023
entrez: 2 3 2023
pubmed: 3 3 2023
medline: 3 3 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders diagnosed in children of this era. ADHD in children and adults is challenging but highly manageable. Children with ADHD cannot focus, are hyperactive, and appear withdrawn. These symptoms make them endure difficulties in learning and create academic challenges. Methylphenidate (MPH) is one of the psychostimulants used as a first-line therapy for ADHD. In this literature review, we have gathered information that describes the evidence of psychotic symptoms in children and young patients with ADHD as a side effect of MPH. We used articles from the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Google Scholar to gather the relevant information. Our findings concluded that MPH can increase the risk of psychosis, particularly when taken in high doses. It is still unclear whether the psychotic range of symptoms occurred due to an increased dopamine (DA) level caused by MPH or as a predominant feature of ADHD or if there was another comorbid feature in the history of the patient that led to psychosis. However, a necessary step for every medical practitioner prescribing psychostimulants is that they enlighten the patient and caregiver that this rare but threatening side effect is a possibility.

Identifiants

pubmed: 36860219
doi: 10.7759/cureus.34299
pmc: PMC9970721
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Pagination

e34299

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023, Pasha et al.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Références

Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 May 09;5:CD012069
pubmed: 29744873
Can J Psychiatry. 2015 Mar;60(3 Suppl 2):S48-52
pubmed: 25886680
Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015 Mar;17(1):9-18
pubmed: 25987859
J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2016 Aug;41(5):E79-80
pubmed: 27575859
Lancet Psychiatry. 2019 Aug;6(8):632-633
pubmed: 31221558
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2017 Sep;33(9):e55-e57
pubmed: 27115479
Am Fam Physician. 2014 Oct 1;90(7):456-64
pubmed: 25369623
Brain Behav. 2012 Sep;2(5):661-77
pubmed: 23139911
Neuropsychiatry (London). 2013 Oct 1;3(5):455-458
pubmed: 24644516
Biol Psychiatry. 2014 Dec 15;76(12):953-62
pubmed: 24832867
Transl Psychiatry. 2016 Nov 15;6(11):e956
pubmed: 27845780
Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol. 2018 Jul 10;6(1):52-71
pubmed: 33520751
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018 Apr;87:255-270
pubmed: 29428394
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2020 Jan;29(1):131-143
pubmed: 31708042
N Engl J Med. 2019 Mar 21;380(12):1178-1180
pubmed: 30893541
N Engl J Med. 2019 Mar 21;380(12):1128-1138
pubmed: 30893533
J Psychiatr Res. 2015 Dec;71:41-7
pubmed: 26522870
Lancet Psychiatry. 2019 Aug;6(8):651-658
pubmed: 31221557
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Dec;107:945-968
pubmed: 31545988

Auteurs

Khadija Pasha (K)

Pediatric, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

Salomi Paul (S)

Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

Muhammad S Abbas (MS)

Psychiatry, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

Sondos T Nassar (ST)

Medicine and Surgery, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Amman, JOR.

Tasniem Tasha (T)

Internal Medicine, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, BGD.

Anjali Desai (A)

Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

Anjana Bajgain (A)

Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, USA.

Asna Ali (A)

Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

Chandrani Dutta (C)

Family Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

Abeer O Elshaikh (AO)

Internal Medicine/Family Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

Classifications MeSH