Myocarditis associated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors diagnosed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.

Myocarditis associated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a rare, but critical adverse event. Although endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is the standard for diagnosis of myocarditis, there is a possibility of false negatives due to sampling errors and local nonavailability of EMB, which may hamper the appropriate diagnosis of myocarditis. Therefore, an alternative criterion based on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) combined with clinical presentation has been proposed, but not emphasized sufficiently. We report a case of myocarditis after ICIs administration, which was diagnosed using CMRI in a 48-year-old male with lung adenocarcinoma. CMRI provides an opportunity to diagnose myocarditis during cancer treatment.

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Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Conflict of interestDr. Makiko Ono receives research funding from Pfizer and Eisai. Dr. Junichi Tomomatsu is an occupational health physician at Eisai. Dr. Takahiro Kogawa receives research funding from Daiichi-Sankyo and Eli-Lily. Dr. Shigehisa Kitano has advisory roles at ImmuniT Research and United Immunity, and received honoraria from Astra Zeneca, Pfizer, MSD, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Merck Biopharma Co., Ltd. In addition, Dr Shigehisa Kitano receives research funding from Astra Zeneca, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, MSD, Eisai, Astellas, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Takara Bio Inc., Daiichi-Sankyo, Chugai, Pfizer, and Incyte. Dr. Taro Shiga received lecture fees from Daiichi-Sankyo and Bayer.