Overview of myelin, major myelin lipids, and myelin-associated proteins.
glia
lipid membrane
myelin
myelin protein
myelination
Journal
Frontiers in chemistry
ISSN: 2296-2646
Titre abrégé: Front Chem
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101627988
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
received:
12
09
2022
accepted:
23
12
2022
entrez:
10
3
2023
pubmed:
11
3
2023
medline:
11
3
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Myelin is a modified cell membrane that forms a multilayer sheath around the axon. It retains the main characteristics of biological membranes, such as lipid bilayer, but differs from them in several important respects. In this review, we focus on aspects of myelin composition that are peculiar to this structure and differentiate it from the more conventional cell membranes, with special attention to its constituent lipid components and several of the most common and important myelin proteins: myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein, and myelin protein zero. We also discuss the many-fold functions of myelin, which include reliable electrical insulation of axons to ensure rapid propagation of nerve impulses, provision of trophic support along the axon and organization of the unmyelinated nodes of Ranvier, as well as the relationship between myelin biology and neurologic disease such as multiple sclerosis. We conclude with a brief history of discovery in the field and outline questions for future research.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36896314
doi: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1041961
pii: 1041961
pmc: PMC9989179
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
1041961Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Kister and Kister.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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