Spatial insurance against a heatwave differs between trophic levels in experimental aquatic communities.
dispersal
global change
mesocosm experiment
metacommunity
phytoplankton
trophic interactions
warming
zooplankton
Journal
Global change biology
ISSN: 1365-2486
Titre abrégé: Glob Chang Biol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9888746
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2023
06 2023
Historique:
revised:
08
01
2023
received:
18
09
2022
accepted:
07
03
2023
medline:
3
5
2023
pubmed:
23
3
2023
entrez:
22
3
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Climate change-related heatwaves are major threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. However, our current understanding of the mechanisms governing community resistance to and recovery from extreme temperature events is still rudimentary. The spatial insurance hypothesis postulates that diverse regional species pools can buffer ecosystem functioning against local disturbances through the immigration of better-adapted taxa. Yet, experimental evidence for such predictions from multi-trophic communities and pulse-type disturbances, like heatwaves, is largely missing. We performed an experimental mesocosm study to test whether species dispersal from natural lakes prior to a simulated heatwave could increase the resistance and recovery of plankton communities. As the buffering effect of dispersal may differ among trophic groups, we independently manipulated the dispersal of organisms from lower (phytoplankton) and higher (zooplankton) trophic levels. The experimental heatwave suppressed total community biomass by having a strong negative effect on zooplankton biomass, probably due to a heat-induced increase in metabolic costs, resulting in weaker top-down control on phytoplankton. While zooplankton dispersal did not alleviate the negative heatwave effects on zooplankton biomass, phytoplankton dispersal enhanced biomass recovery at the level of primary producers, providing partial evidence for spatial insurance. The differential responses to dispersal may be linked to the much larger regional species pool of phytoplankton than of zooplankton. Our results suggest high recovery capacity of community biomass independent of dispersal. However, community composition and trophic structure remained altered due to the heatwave, implying longer-lasting changes in ecosystem functioning.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
3054-3071Subventions
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
ID : BE 61944/1-1
Organisme : Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
ID : 731065
Organisme : Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
ID : 871081
Organisme : Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal
ID : RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00014
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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