Collateral consequences of COVID-19 for people on probation and parole.
COVID-19
Collateral consequences
Community supervision
Parole
Probation
Journal
Health & justice
ISSN: 2194-7899
Titre abrégé: Health Justice
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101626355
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 Mar 2023
30 Mar 2023
Historique:
received:
10
05
2022
accepted:
22
03
2023
medline:
31
3
2023
entrez:
30
3
2023
pubmed:
31
3
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
While the severe detrimental impact of COVID-19 on incarcerated people is well known, little is known about the experience of COVID-19 on those on community supervision. Our objective was to better understand the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic and its collateral consequences for those on community supervision (e.g., probation, parole). Beginning in December 2020, we conducted 185 phone surveys about COVID-19 with participants in The Southern Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Study across its three sites - Florida, Kentucky, and North Carolina. We conducted rapid assessment interviews with both closed- and open-ended questions. We calculated descriptive statistics for close-ended questions and conducted a content analysis for open-ended questions. The COVID-19 pandemic affected those on community supervision through their experiences in the community and while incarcerated with over one-quarter of participants being reincarcerated during this time. In addition to many (128/185) experiencing COVID-19 symptoms, about half (85/185) of participants reported a diagnosis in their network with 16 of those participants losing loved ones to the pandemic. Participants experienced disruptions to their social network, healthcare, and livelihoods. Though many maintained their support systems, others felt isolated and depressed. Experiences during COVID-19 exacerbated difficulties already faced by those with criminal involvement. The public health community must recognize those experiencing probation and parole, not only those housed in carceral facilities, as disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. We must tailor programs and services to meet their needs.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
While the severe detrimental impact of COVID-19 on incarcerated people is well known, little is known about the experience of COVID-19 on those on community supervision. Our objective was to better understand the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic and its collateral consequences for those on community supervision (e.g., probation, parole). Beginning in December 2020, we conducted 185 phone surveys about COVID-19 with participants in The Southern Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Study across its three sites - Florida, Kentucky, and North Carolina. We conducted rapid assessment interviews with both closed- and open-ended questions. We calculated descriptive statistics for close-ended questions and conducted a content analysis for open-ended questions.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The COVID-19 pandemic affected those on community supervision through their experiences in the community and while incarcerated with over one-quarter of participants being reincarcerated during this time. In addition to many (128/185) experiencing COVID-19 symptoms, about half (85/185) of participants reported a diagnosis in their network with 16 of those participants losing loved ones to the pandemic. Participants experienced disruptions to their social network, healthcare, and livelihoods. Though many maintained their support systems, others felt isolated and depressed. Experiences during COVID-19 exacerbated difficulties already faced by those with criminal involvement.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The public health community must recognize those experiencing probation and parole, not only those housed in carceral facilities, as disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. We must tailor programs and services to meet their needs.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36995422
doi: 10.1186/s40352-023-00221-0
pii: 10.1186/s40352-023-00221-0
pmc: PMC10060932
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
18Subventions
Organisme : NIMHD NIH HHS
ID : 1R01MD013573-01
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMHD NIH HHS
ID : F31MD017136
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : P30 AI050410
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R25DA037190
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIEHS NIH HHS
ID : T32ES007018
Pays : United States
Organisme : Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
ID : T32HD007168
Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s).
Références
Health Justice. 2020 Dec 11;8(1):24
pubmed: 33306151
Int J Prison Health. 2022 Nov 15;ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print):
pubmed: 36367307
BMC Public Health. 2018 Feb 27;18(1):289
pubmed: 29482529
Crim Justice Rev. 2022 Jun;47(2):167-184
pubmed: 35663109
Law Policy. 2013;35(1-2):51-80
pubmed: 24072951
AIDS Care. 2019 Mar;31(3):364-369
pubmed: 30227719
Arch Women Health Care. 2020 Dec;3(5):
pubmed: 34661199
Ann Epidemiol. 2020 Jul;47:37-44
pubmed: 32419766
Int J Prison Health. 2014;10(1):38-46
pubmed: 25763983
N C Med J. 2019 Nov-Dec;80(6):377-379
pubmed: 31685578
Health Justice. 2021 Jul 3;9(1):15
pubmed: 34216311
Psychol Trauma. 2020 Aug;12(S1):S55-S57
pubmed: 32551762
Health Aff (Millwood). 2020 Aug;39(8):1412-1418
pubmed: 32496864
N Engl J Med. 2020 May 28;382(22):2075-2077
pubmed: 32240582
Probat J. 2022 Mar;69(1):6-23
pubmed: 35316970
PLoS One. 2009 Nov 11;4(11):e7558
pubmed: 19907649
Public Health Rep. 2019 Nov/Dec;134(6):660-666
pubmed: 31603737
J Gen Intern Med. 2020 Oct;35(10):3097-3099
pubmed: 32754782
Criminol Public Policy. 2021 Aug;20(3):437-461
pubmed: 34899090
BMJ Open. 2021 Jul 16;11(7):e047340
pubmed: 34272219
AIDS Behav. 2020 Jul;24(7):2017-2023
pubmed: 32300989