New insights into the treatment of meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin since 2009: A review of 671 cases.

"Meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin" (MUO)-a collective term for a group of clinically-indistinguishable (but pathologically distinct) autoimmune diseases of the CNS-has become increasingly commonly recognized throughout the world. In the 1960s-1980s the focus was primarily on the pathological description of these conditions and, largely anecdotally, their response to glucocorticoids. The subsequent availability of magnetic resonance imaging for companion animals led to a focus on imaging characteristics and response of MUO to various immunosuppressive medications. Previous reviews have not found clear evidence of superiority of any specific treatment regimen. Here, we review outcomes in a further 671 dogs treated with various combinations of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs and reported since 2009, aiming to determine whether recommendations can be drawn from the material published during more recent decades. We observe that: (i) there is more complete information on outcome of MUO-affected dogs solely receiving glucocorticoids and these reports provide evidence to undermine the dogma that MUO inevitably requires treatment with glucocorticoids

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Copyright © 2023 Jeffery and Granger.

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The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.