Chronobiological changes due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic among adolescents in the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed cohort study.
Adolescents
COVID-19
Chronobiology
Sleep
Social jetlag
Journal
European journal of pediatrics
ISSN: 1432-1076
Titre abrégé: Eur J Pediatr
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 7603873
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2023
Jun 2023
Historique:
received:
01
12
2022
accepted:
30
03
2023
revised:
23
03
2023
medline:
12
6
2023
pubmed:
10
4
2023
entrez:
9
4
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Due to the lockdown of schools as one of the COVID-19 control measures, adolescents have had the opportunity to re-organise their daily lives; e.g. some of them have adapted their bedtimes to the new situation during the lockdown in favour of their own chronotype. Hence, we investigated differences in chronobiological characteristics (e.g., the midpoint of sleep, sleep duration or social jetlag (SJL); i.e., a discrepancy between biological and social timing) before and during the pandemic lockdown to examine potential changes. We asked participants from the ongoing open cohort Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study to fill out the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire during the COVID-19 lockdown and received the information of participants (n = 66) during the pandemic. A reference group matched for age, season, and sex was randomly selected from the DONALD study to assess participants' chronobiological characteristics prior to (n = 132) the pandemic. Analyses of covariance were applied to examine differences between the two groups reflecting the situation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were aged 9-18 years (52% males). In the current examination, average sleep duration across the week was higher among adolescents during the pandemic (β = 00:30; p = 0.0006) and social jetlag was significantly lower (β = -00:39; p < 0.0001). Our results showed that the COVID-19 lockdown enabled adolescents to adapt their sleeping habits according to their naturally late chronotype, which led to a significant reduction in SJL. These observations are likely to be explained by the effect of school closure. • Under 'normal conditions' without pandemic lockdowns, adolescents accumulate a lack of sleep due to social obligations such as school starts, resulting in social jetlag. • A late chronotype or exposure to social jetlag is a known risk factor for the development of chronic diseases. • The COVID-19 lockdown represents a 'natural experiment' that enables adolescents to adhere to their internal biological clock. Without the usual social obligations, social jetlag can be significantly reduced.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37032380
doi: 10.1007/s00431-023-04963-9
pii: 10.1007/s00431-023-04963-9
pmc: PMC10088594
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2801-2805Subventions
Organisme : Volkswagen Foundation
ID : 99810
Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s).
Références
Roenneberg T, Kuehnle T, Juda M et al (2007) Epidemiology of the human circadian clock. Sleep Med Rev 11:429–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2007.07.005
doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2007.07.005
pubmed: 17936039
Roenneberg T, Allebrandt KV, Merrow M et al (2012) Social jetlag and obesity. Curr Biol 22:939–943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.03.038
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.03.038
pubmed: 22578422
Saxvig IW, Pallesen S, Sivertsen B et al (2021) Sleep during COVID-19-related school lockdown, a longitudinal study among high school students. J Sleep Res e13499. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13499
Kroke A, Manz F, Kersting M et al (2004) The DONALD study. History, current status and future perspectives. Eur J Nutr 43:45–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-004-0445-7
doi: 10.1007/s00394-004-0445-7
pubmed: 14991269
Jankovic N, Schmitting S, Krüger B et al (2021) Changes in chronotype and social jetlag during adolescence and their association with concurrent changes in BMI-SDS and body composition, in the DONALD Study. Eur J Clin Nutr 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-021-01024-y
Paruthi S, Brooks LJ, D’Ambrosio C et al (2016) Recommended amount of sleep for pediatric populations: a consensus statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. J Clin Sleep Med 12:785–786. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.5866
doi: 10.5664/jcsm.5866
pubmed: 27250809
pmcid: 4877308
Perrar I, Alexy U, Jankovic N (2022) Changes in total energy, nutrients and food group intake among children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic—results of the DONALD study. Nutrients 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14020297
Schlarb AA, Gulewitsch MD, Weltzer V et al (2015) Sleep duration and sleep problems in a representative sample of German children and adolescents. Health 07:1397–1408. https://doi.org/10.4236/health.2015.711154
doi: 10.4236/health.2015.711154
Gelman A, Hill J (2007) Data analysis using regression and multilevel/hierarchical models. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, Analytical methods for social research
Zavada A, Gordijn MCM, Beersma DGM et al (2005) Comparison of the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire with the Horne-Ostberg’s Morningness-Eveningness Score. Chronobiol Int 22:267–278. https://doi.org/10.1081/cbi-200053536
doi: 10.1081/cbi-200053536
pubmed: 16021843