Neural Correlates of the p Factor in Adolescence: Cognitive Control With and Without Enhanced Positive Affective Demands.
Adolescence
Go/no-go task
Inhibition
Psychopathology
Sustained attention
p factor
Journal
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging
ISSN: 2451-9030
Titre abrégé: Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101671285
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
14 Apr 2023
14 Apr 2023
Historique:
received:
04
08
2022
revised:
09
03
2023
accepted:
30
03
2023
pmc-release:
14
10
2024
pubmed:
17
4
2023
medline:
17
4
2023
entrez:
16
4
2023
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Recent research has aimed to characterize processes underlying general liability toward psychopathology, termed the p factor. Given previous research linking the p factor with difficulties in both executive functioning and affective regulation, the present study investigated nonaffective and positive affective inhibition in the context of a sustained attention/inhibition paradigm in adolescents exhibiting mild to severe psychopathology. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected during an integrated reward conditioning and go/no-go task in 138 adolescents assigned female at birth. We modeled the p factor using hierarchical confirmatory factor analysis. Positive affective inhibition was measured by examining responses to no-go stimuli with a history of reward conditioning. We examined associations between p factor scores and neural function and behavioral performance. Consistent with nonaffective executive function as a primary risk factor, p factor scores were associated with worse behavioral performance and hypoactivation in the left superior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus during response initiation (go trials). The p factor scores were additionally associated with increased error-related signaling in the temporal cortex during incorrect no-go trials. During adolescence, a period characterized by heightened risk for emergent psychopathology, we observed unique associations between p factor scores and neural and behavioral indices of response initiation, which relies primarily on sustained attention. These findings suggest that shared variation in mental disorder categories is characterized in part by sustained attention deficits. While we did not find evidence that the p factor was associated with inhibition in this study, this observation is consistent with our hypothesis that the p factor would be related to nonaffective control processes.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Recent research has aimed to characterize processes underlying general liability toward psychopathology, termed the p factor. Given previous research linking the p factor with difficulties in both executive functioning and affective regulation, the present study investigated nonaffective and positive affective inhibition in the context of a sustained attention/inhibition paradigm in adolescents exhibiting mild to severe psychopathology.
METHODS
METHODS
Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected during an integrated reward conditioning and go/no-go task in 138 adolescents assigned female at birth. We modeled the p factor using hierarchical confirmatory factor analysis. Positive affective inhibition was measured by examining responses to no-go stimuli with a history of reward conditioning. We examined associations between p factor scores and neural function and behavioral performance.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Consistent with nonaffective executive function as a primary risk factor, p factor scores were associated with worse behavioral performance and hypoactivation in the left superior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus during response initiation (go trials). The p factor scores were additionally associated with increased error-related signaling in the temporal cortex during incorrect no-go trials.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
During adolescence, a period characterized by heightened risk for emergent psychopathology, we observed unique associations between p factor scores and neural and behavioral indices of response initiation, which relies primarily on sustained attention. These findings suggest that shared variation in mental disorder categories is characterized in part by sustained attention deficits. While we did not find evidence that the p factor was associated with inhibition in this study, this observation is consistent with our hypothesis that the p factor would be related to nonaffective control processes.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37062361
pii: S2451-9022(23)00076-9
doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.03.012
pmc: PMC10576014
mid: NIHMS1893043
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K01 MH116325
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH107479
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH115004
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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