Predictors of reinfection with pre-Omicron and Omicron variants of concern among individuals who recovered from COVID-19 in the first year of the pandemic.
Hybrid immunity
Longitudinal study
Omicron
Pre-omicron variants
Reinfection
Journal
International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
ISSN: 1878-3511
Titre abrégé: Int J Infect Dis
Pays: Canada
ID NLM: 9610933
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jul 2023
Jul 2023
Historique:
received:
29
12
2022
revised:
16
03
2023
accepted:
11
04
2023
medline:
17
5
2023
pubmed:
19
4
2023
entrez:
18
4
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The predictors of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection are unclear. We examined predictors of reinfection with pre-Omicron and Omicron variants among COVID-19-recovered individuals. Randomly selected COVID-19-recovered patients (N = 1004) who donated convalescent plasma during 2020 were interviewed between August 2021 and March 2022 regarding COVID-19 vaccination and laboratory-proven reinfection. The sera from 224 (22.3%) participants were tested for antispike (anti-S) immunoglobulin G and neutralizing antibodies. The participants' median age was 31.1 years (78.6% males). The overall reinfection incidence rate was 12.8%; 2.7% versus 21.6% for the pre-Omicron (mostly Delta) versus Omicron variants. Negative associations were found between fever during the first illness and pre-Omicron reinfection: relative risk 0.29 (95% confidence interval 0.09-0.94), high anti-N level at first illness and Omicron reinfection: 0.53 (0.33-0.85), and overall reinfection: 0.56 (0.37-0.84), as well as between subsequent COVID-19 vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine and pre-Omicron 0.15 (0.07-0.32), Omicron 0.48 (0.25-0.45), and overall reinfections 0.38 (0.25-0.58). These variables significantly correlated with immunoglobulin G anti-S follow-up levels. High pre-existing anti-S binding and neutralizing antibody levels against the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan and Alpha strains predicted protection against Omicron reinfections. Strong immune responses after the first COVID-19 infection and subsequent vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine provided cross-protection against reinfections with the Delta and Omicron variants.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37072052
pii: S1201-9712(23)00526-X
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.04.395
pmc: PMC10106114
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
BNT162 Vaccine
0
COVID-19 Vaccines
0
Antibodies, Neutralizing
0
Immunoglobulin G
0
Antibodies, Viral
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
72-79Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declarations of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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