Effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on the incidence of respiratory viruses at a tertiary cancer care center.
Distancing
Interventions
Masking
Quarantine
Respiratory viruses
SARS-COV-2
Journal
Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
ISSN: 1873-5967
Titre abrégé: J Clin Virol
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 9815671
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2023
06 2023
Historique:
received:
14
02
2023
revised:
24
03
2023
accepted:
29
03
2023
medline:
8
5
2023
pubmed:
20
4
2023
entrez:
19
04
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In March 2020, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) including face coverings and social distancing were adopted to curb the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Over the course of the pandemic, adherence to these NPIs has varied and eventually became optional in most non healthcare settings. We investigated the impact of relaxation of NPI on the incidence of respiratory viruses other than SARS-CoV-2 at a tertiary cancer care hospital. This was a retrospective cohort study of respiratory viral panel results performed at between 08/01/2014-07/31/2022. Only one viral target result per patient per year was included. Poisson regression models were used to compare 2019-2020, 2020-2021, and 2021-2022 incidence of respiratory viruses to those of 2014-2019. Interrupted time series analysis was performed using autoregressive integrated moving average models in order to compare expected and observed positivity rates. A large reduction in the odds of testing positive for a respiratory virus was observed for most respiratory viruses when comparing results from 2019 to 2020 group to the corresponding period in 2014-2019. Subsequent seasons showed ongoing reductions in the odds of testing positive while slowly increasing over time back toward pre-pandemic levels. A time interrupted series analysis showed that the monthly positivity rate for all respiratory pathogens were reduced after 03/01/2020, when compared to the expected values forecast, except for adenovirus. This study provides valuable data that could be used to guide public health practices and support the efficacy of NPIs in curtailing the spread of novel and endemic respiratory viruses.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
In March 2020, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) including face coverings and social distancing were adopted to curb the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Over the course of the pandemic, adherence to these NPIs has varied and eventually became optional in most non healthcare settings. We investigated the impact of relaxation of NPI on the incidence of respiratory viruses other than SARS-CoV-2 at a tertiary cancer care hospital.
METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort study of respiratory viral panel results performed at between 08/01/2014-07/31/2022. Only one viral target result per patient per year was included. Poisson regression models were used to compare 2019-2020, 2020-2021, and 2021-2022 incidence of respiratory viruses to those of 2014-2019. Interrupted time series analysis was performed using autoregressive integrated moving average models in order to compare expected and observed positivity rates.
RESULTS
A large reduction in the odds of testing positive for a respiratory virus was observed for most respiratory viruses when comparing results from 2019 to 2020 group to the corresponding period in 2014-2019. Subsequent seasons showed ongoing reductions in the odds of testing positive while slowly increasing over time back toward pre-pandemic levels. A time interrupted series analysis showed that the monthly positivity rate for all respiratory pathogens were reduced after 03/01/2020, when compared to the expected values forecast, except for adenovirus.
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides valuable data that could be used to guide public health practices and support the efficacy of NPIs in curtailing the spread of novel and endemic respiratory viruses.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37075690
pii: S1386-6532(23)00064-1
doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105442
pmc: PMC10066859
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
105442Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of Competing Interest None