Non-thermal disruption of β-adrenergic receptor-activated Ca

The ubiquity of wireless electronic-device connectivity has seen microwaves emerge as one of the fastest growing forms of electromagnetic exposure. A growing evidence-base refutes the claim that wireless technologies pose no risk to human health at current safety levels designed to limit thermal (heating) effects. The potential impact of non-thermal effects of microwave exposure, especially in electrically-excitable tissues (e.g., heart), remains controversial. We exposed human embryonic stem-cell derived cardiomyocytes (CM), under baseline and beta-adrenergic receptor (β-AR)-stimulated conditions, to microwaves at 2.4 GHz, a frequency used extensively in wireless communication (e.g., 4G, Bluetooth™ and WiFi). To control for any effect of sample heating, experiments were done in CM subjected to matched rates of direct heating or CM maintained at 37 °C. Detailed profiling of the temporal and amplitude features of Ca

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Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Christopher George reports financial support was provided by British Heart Foundation. Christopher George reports financial support was provided by Wellcome Trust. Christopher George reports financial support was provided by European Union. Adrian Porch reports financial support was provided by Wellcome Trust. Catrin Williams reports financial support was provided by Welsh Government. Heungjae Choi reports financial support was provided by Welsh Government. Christopher George is a Board Member of the National Centre for Replacement, Reduction and Refinement of Animals in Research (NC3Rs) and Chairs the Grants Assessment Panel.