SARS-CoV-2 infection and immune responses.
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
antibodies
immunopathology
inflammation
vaccines
Journal
AIMS microbiology
ISSN: 2471-1888
Titre abrégé: AIMS Microbiol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101697141
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
received:
13
10
2022
revised:
14
03
2023
accepted:
21
03
2023
medline:
24
4
2023
pubmed:
24
4
2023
entrez:
24
04
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The recent pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to be an enormous global challenge faced by the healthcare sector. Availability of new vaccines and drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 and sequelae of COVID-19 has given the world hope in ending the pandemic. However, the emergence of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome every couple of months in different parts of world is a persistent danger to public health. Currently there is no single treatment to eradicate the risk of COVID-19. The widespread transmission of SARS-CoV-2 due to the Omicron variant necessitates continued work on the development and implementation of effective vaccines. Moreover, there is evidence that mutations in the receptor domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein led to the decrease in current vaccine efficacy by escaping antibody recognition. Therefore, it is essential to actively identify the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 evades the host immune system, study the long-lasting effects of COVID-19 and develop therapeutics targeting SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans and preclinical models. In this review, we describe the pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as the innate and adaptive host immune responses to infection. We address the ongoing need to develop effective vaccines that provide protection against different variants of SARS-CoV-2, as well as validated endpoint assays to evaluate the immunogenicity of vaccines in the pipeline, medications, anti-viral drug therapies and public health measures, that will be required to successfully end the COVID-19 pandemic.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37091818
doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2023015
pii: microbiol-09-02-015
pmc: PMC10113164
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
245-276Informations de copyright
© 2023 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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