An examination of psychosocial and professional effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on genetic counselors.

COVID-19 anxiety genetic counselors mental health pandemic remote work

Journal

Journal of genetic counseling
ISSN: 1573-3599
Titre abrégé: J Genet Couns
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9206865

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
25 Apr 2023
Historique:
revised: 29 03 2023
received: 13 11 2022
accepted: 08 04 2023
medline: 25 4 2023
pubmed: 25 4 2023
entrez: 25 04 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

For healthcare workers, recognized professional challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic include changes to service delivery models, increased burnout, furlough, and loss of income. The main goal of this study was to more clearly define the impact on mental health and quality of life of genetic counselors during the COVID-19 pandemic in the contexts of their personal, professional, and social lives. Eligible genetic counselors (GCs) (n = 283) responded to an online survey that incorporated validated instruments: Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Professional Quality of Life, and the In Charge Financial Distress/Financial Well-Being Scale. Additionally, original questions were developed from previous qualitative research on COVID-19 challenges for healthcare workers. Results showed 62% of respondents felt their mental health was impacted for the worse, 45% found it more difficult to achieve work/life balance, 16.8% scored within moderate-to-severe depression severity, 19.2% scored within moderate-to-severe anxiety, 26.3% reported high burnout, and 7% had high financial distress. GCs reported generally lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to healthcare workers and the general population. Thematic analysis identified feelings of isolation and difficulties balancing professional/personal responsibilities with more remote work. However, some participants reported greater flexibility in their schedule and more time with family. Self-care activities increased, with 93% engaging in more meditation and 54% began exercising. There were similar themes reported in this survey compared to other healthcare workers' experiences. There is also a dichotomy in positive and negative impacts with some GCs appreciating the flexibility of working from home but others reporting this blurs the line between personal and professional responsibilities. These results suggest consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to impact the field of genetic counseling and understanding these changes will be instrumental in addressing the needs of GCs to practice effectively.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37096772
doi: 10.1002/jgc4.1721
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

© 2023 National Society of Genetic Counselors.

Références

Ahimaz, P., Giordano, J., Disco, M., Harrington, E., Levinson, E., Spiegel, E., Andrews, C., Griffin, E., Hernan, R., & Wynn, J. (2021). COVID contingencies: Early epicenter experiences of different genetics clinics at a New York City institution inform emergency adaptation strategies. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 30(4), 938-948. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1409
Benoit, L. G., Veach, P. M., & LeRoy, B. S. (2007). When you care enough to do your very best: Genetic counselor experiences of compassion fatigue. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 16(3), 299-312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-006-9072-1
Bergstrom, K. L., Brander, T. E., Breen, K. E., & Naik, H. (2021). Experiences from the epicenter: Professional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on genetic counselors in New York. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in Medical Genetics, 187(1), 28-36. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.c.31855
Bulmer, L., Stanley, C., Loffredo, L., Mills, R., & Doyle, L. (2022). Building a foundation in self-awareness: Genetic counseling students' experiences with self-care, reflection, and mindfulness. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 31(3), 722-734. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1539
Buselli, R., Corsi, M., Baldanzi, S., Chiumiento, M., del Lupo, E., Dell'Oste, V., Bertelloni, C. A., Massimetti, G., Dell'Osso, L., Cristaudo, A., & Carmassi, C. (2020). Professional quality of life and mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to Sars-Cov-2 (Covid-19). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176180
Cai, H., Tu, B., Ma, J., Chen, L., Fu, L., Jiang, Y., & Zhuang, Q. (2020). Psychological impact and coping strategies of frontline medical staff in Hunan between January and march 2020 during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) in Hubei. Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 26, e924171. https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.924171
Caleshu, C., Kim, H., Silver, J., Austin, J., Tibben, A., & Campion, M. (2022). Contributors to and consequences of burnout among clinical genetic counselors in the United States. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 31(1), 269-278. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1485
Chan, H. T. H. (2020). The impact of Cornonavirus on Households across America. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 59, 5-24.
di Mattei, V. E., Carnelli, L., Bernardi, M., Bienati, R., Brombin, C., Cugnata, F., Rabaiotti, E., Zambetti, M., Sarno, L., Candiani, M., & Gentilini, O. (2018). Coping mechanisms, psychological distress, and quality of life prior to cancer genetic counseling. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1218. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01218
Koontalay, A., Suksatan, W., Prabsangob, K., & Sadang, J. M. (2021). Healthcare Workers' burdens during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative systematic review. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 14, 3015-3025. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S330041
Krishnamoorthy, Y., Nagarajan, R., Saya, G. K., & Menon, V. (2020). Prevalence of psychological morbidities among general population, healthcare workers and COVID-19 patients amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Research, 293, 113382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113382
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2003). The patient health Questionnaire-2: Validity of a two-item depression screener. Medical Care, 41(11), 1284-1292. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.MLR.0000093487.78664.3C
Lee, W., Veach, P. M., MacFarlane, I. M., & LeRoy, B. S. (2015). Who is at risk for compassion fatigue? An investigation of genetic counselor demographics, anxiety, compassion satisfaction, and burnout. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 24(2), 358-370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-014-9716-5
López-Fernández, A., Villacampa, G., Grau, E., Salinas, M., Darder, E., Carrasco, E., Torres-Esquius, S., Iglesias, S., Solanes, A., Gadea, N., Velasco, A., Urgell, G., Torres, M., Tuset, N., Brunet, J., Corbella, S., & Balmaña, J. (2021). Patients' and professionals' perspective of non-in-person visits in hereditary cancer: Predictors and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Genetics in Medicine, 23(8), 1450-1457. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41436-021-01157-2
MacFarlane, I., Johnson, A., & Zierhut, H. (2021). Changes to the genetic counseling workforce as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 30(5), 1244-1256. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1488
Magalhaes, E., Stoner, A., Palmer, J., Schranze, R., Grandy, S., Amin, S., & Cheng, N. (2021). An assessment of mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Community Mental Health Journal, 57(7), 1267-1277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-021-00876-9
Mauer, C., Zimmerman, J., Lahiri, S., Watson, E., Parsi, L., Berg, J., & Pirzadeh-Miller, S. (2021). Adapting genetic counseling operations amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 30(4), 949-955. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1474
Mills, R., MacFarlane, I. M., Caleshu, C., Ringler, M. A., & Zierhut, H. A. (2021). Genetic counselor experiences with telehealth before and after COVID-19. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 30(4), 999-1009. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1465
Miranda, C., Veach, P. M., Martyr, M. A., & LeRoy, B. S. (2016). Portrait of the master genetic counselor clinician: A qualitative investigation of expertise in genetic counseling. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 25(4), 767-785. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-015-9863-3
Mueller, R., Schindewolf, E., Williams, S., & Jay Kessler, L. (2021). 'Steep learning curves' to 'Smooth Sailing': A reappraisal of telegenetics amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 30(4), 1010-1023. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1487
National Society of Genetic Counselors. (2021). Professional status survey 2021: Demographics & methodology. National Society of genetic counselors.
Otten, E., Birnie, E., Ranchor, A. V., & van Langen, I. M. (2016). Online genetic counseling from the providers' perspective: counselors' evaluations and a time and cost analysis. European Journal of Human Genetics, 24(9), 1255-1261. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2015.283
Pan, V., Doerr, M., Hoell, C., Ryan, L., Erwin, D. J., Hooker, G., Haverty, C., & National Society of Genetic Counselors GC SARS-CoV-2 Impact Survey Working Group. (2021). Results of the genetic counselor SARS-CoV-2 impact survey from the National Society of genetic counselors: Progress and penalty during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 30(4), 989-998. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1484
Peters, J. A. (2010). Genetic counselors: Caring mindfully for ourselves. In Genetic Counseling Practice: Advanced Concepts and Skills. Wiley-Blackwell.
Prawitz, A. D., Garman, E. T., Sorhaindo, B., O'Neill, B., Kim, J., & Drentea, P. (2006). The incharge financial distress/financial well-being scale: Establishing validity and reliability. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 17, 34-50.
Rezich, B. M. Z., Malone, J. A., Reiser, G., Zimmerman, H. H., Blase, T. L., & Fishler, K. P. (2021). Telehealth genetic services during the COVID-19 pandemic: Implementation and patient experiences across multiple specialties in Nebraska. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 30(5), 1233-1243. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1507
Saldaña, J. (2021). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (4th ed.). SAGE Publishing Inc.
Sethi, B. A., Sethi, A., Ali, S., & Aamir, H. S. (2020). Impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on health professionals. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 36(COVID19-S4), S6-S11. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2779
Shannon, K. M., Emmet, M. M., Rodgers, L. H., Wooters, M., & Seidel, M. L. (2021). Transition to telephone genetic counseling services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 30(4), 984-988. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1365
Shreffler, J., Petrey, J., & Huecker, M. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare worker wellness: A scoping review. The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(5), 1059-1066. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2020.7.48684
Silver, J., Caleshu, C., Casson-Parkin, S., & Ormond, K. (2018). Mindfulness among genetic counselors is associated with increased empathy and work engagement and decreased burnout and compassion fatigue. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 27(5), 1175-1186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-018-0236-6
Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Lowe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(10), 1092-1097. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
Stamm, B. H. (2010). The Concise ProQOL Manual. 2. Retrieved from: http://ProQOL.org
Turchetti, D., Battistuzzi, L., Bertonazzi, B., & Godino, L. (2021). Sudden shift to remote genetic counseling during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experiences of genetics professionals in Italy. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 30(4), 1024-1037. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1441
Udipi, S., Veach, P. M., Kao, J., & LeRoy, B. S. (2008). The psychic costs of empathic engagement: Personal and demographic predictors of genetic counselor compassion fatigue. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 17(5), 459-471. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-008-9162-3
Uhlmann, W. R., McKeon, A. J., & Wang, C. (2021). Genetic counseling, virtual visits, and equity in the era of COVID-19 and beyond. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 30(4), 1038-1045. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1469
Wells, D. M., McCarthy Veach, P., Martyr, M. A., & LeRoy, B. S. (2016). Development, experience, and expression of meaning in genetic Counselors' lives: An exploratory analysis. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 25(4), 799-817. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-015-9901-1
Wessels, T. M., Düsterwald, G., Barlow, R., Cameron-Mackintosh, S., Diedericks, A., Francois, S., Laing, N., Pretorius, W., Scholtz, K., & Vorster, N. (2021). Genetic counseling experiences at the University of Cape Town during COVID-19. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 30(5), 1298-1309. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1520
Zhu, K., Niu, Z., Freudenheim, J. L., Zhang, Z. F., Lei, L., Homish, G. G., Cao, Y., Zorich, S. C., Yue, Y., Liu, R., & Mu, L. (2021). COVID-19 related symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD among US adults. Psychiatry Research, 301, 113959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113959

Auteurs

Nicole Gostic (N)

Genetic Counseling Program, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana, USA.
Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Scott and White Health, Dallas, Texas, USA.

Daniel Groepper (D)

Department of Pediatrics, SIU School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, USA.

Megan Trinkle-Tucker (M)

Genetic Counseling Program, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana, USA.
Genetic Counseling Program, Bay Path University, Longmeadow, Massachusetts, USA.

Malynnda Johnson (M)

Genetic Counseling Program, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana, USA.

Kristin B Niendorf (KB)

Genetic Counseling Program, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana, USA.

Classifications MeSH