Obesity Is Associated with an Impaired Baseline Repertoire of Anti-Influenza Virus Antibodies.
antibody repertoire
influenza vaccines
obesity
Journal
Microbiology spectrum
ISSN: 2165-0497
Titre abrégé: Microbiol Spectr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101634614
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
15 06 2023
15 06 2023
Historique:
medline:
19
6
2023
pubmed:
26
4
2023
entrez:
26
4
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Obesity is a risk factor for severe disease and mortality for both influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. While previous studies show that individuals with obesity generate antibody responses following influenza vaccination, infection rates within the obese group were twice as high as those in the healthy-weight group. The repertoire of antibodies raised against influenza viruses following previous vaccinations and/or natural exposures is referred to here as baseline immune history (BIH). To investigate the hypothesis that obesity impacts immune memory to infections and vaccines, we profiled the BIH of obese and healthy-weight adults vaccinated with the 2010-2011 seasonal influenza vaccine in response to conformational and linear antigens. Despite the extensive heterogeneity of the BIH profiles in both groups, there were striking differences between obese and healthy subjects, especially with regard to A/H1N1 strains and the 2009 pandemic virus (Cal09). Individuals with obesity had lower IgG and IgA magnitude and breadth for a panel of A/H1N1 whole viruses and hemagglutinin proteins from 1933 to 2009 but increased IgG magnitude and breadth for linear peptides from the Cal09 H1 and N1 proteins. Age was also associated with A/H1N1 BIH, with young individuals with obesity being more likely to have reduced A/H1N1 BIH. We found that individuals with low IgG BIH had significantly lower neutralizing antibody titers than individuals with high IgG BIH. Taken together, our findings suggest that increased susceptibility of obese participants to influenza infection may be mediated in part by obesity-associated differences in the memory B-cell repertoire, which cannot be ameliorated by current seasonal vaccination regimens. Overall, these data have vital implications for the next generation of influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37098954
doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00010-23
pmc: PMC10269616
doi:
Substances chimiques
COVID-19 Vaccines
0
Antibodies, Viral
0
Influenza Vaccines
0
Immunoglobulin G
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e0001023Subventions
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R01 AI078090
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : HHSN272201400006C
Pays : United States
Commentaires et corrections
Type : UpdateOf
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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