Antibody response dynamics to CoronaVac vaccine and booster immunization in adults and the elderly: A long-term, longitudinal prospective study.
COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccine booster shot
CoronaVac vaccine
Humoral
Immunity
Journal
IJID regions
ISSN: 2772-7076
Titre abrégé: IJID Reg
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9918418183106676
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2023
Jun 2023
Historique:
received:
06
01
2023
revised:
27
03
2023
accepted:
03
04
2023
medline:
27
4
2023
pubmed:
27
4
2023
entrez:
27
4
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The long-term humoral immune response after vaccination varies between vaccines and is dependent on the accuracy of the antibody test. A better understanding of the vaccine immune response may help to define vaccination strategies against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To investigate the long-term immunological response to CoronaVac vaccine and determinants of breakthrough COVID-19 infection. A long-term, prospective cohort study involving vaccinated adult and elderly subjects was conducted to investigate the presence of anti-RBD-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G, anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike trimeric protein IgG. Antibody level dynamics and risk factors associated with breakthrough COVID-19 infection were investigated. In total, 3902 participants were included in this study. Vaccination with two doses of CoronaVac and a booster dose increased the levels of anti-RBD-specific IgG, anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike trimeric IgG significantly. In adults, anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike trimeric IgG levels decreased significantly 7 months after the second dose. In adults and the elderly, the levels of anti-spike trimeric IgG and anti-RBD IgG decreased significantly 4 and 6 months after the booster dose, respectively. Previous exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and anti-spike trimeric IgG titres was independently associated with a lower probability of post-vaccination infection. A significant increase in antibody levels was found after two doses of CoronaVac and a booster dose. Antibody titres declined significantly 7 months post-vaccination in participants who did not receive a booster dose. Higher levels of antibodies and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection were associated with protection against breakthrough COVID-19.
Sections du résumé
Background
UNASSIGNED
The long-term humoral immune response after vaccination varies between vaccines and is dependent on the accuracy of the antibody test. A better understanding of the vaccine immune response may help to define vaccination strategies against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Objective
UNASSIGNED
To investigate the long-term immunological response to CoronaVac vaccine and determinants of breakthrough COVID-19 infection.
Methods
UNASSIGNED
A long-term, prospective cohort study involving vaccinated adult and elderly subjects was conducted to investigate the presence of anti-RBD-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G, anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike trimeric protein IgG. Antibody level dynamics and risk factors associated with breakthrough COVID-19 infection were investigated.
Results
UNASSIGNED
In total, 3902 participants were included in this study. Vaccination with two doses of CoronaVac and a booster dose increased the levels of anti-RBD-specific IgG, anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike trimeric IgG significantly. In adults, anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike trimeric IgG levels decreased significantly 7 months after the second dose. In adults and the elderly, the levels of anti-spike trimeric IgG and anti-RBD IgG decreased significantly 4 and 6 months after the booster dose, respectively. Previous exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and anti-spike trimeric IgG titres was independently associated with a lower probability of post-vaccination infection.
Conclusions
UNASSIGNED
A significant increase in antibody levels was found after two doses of CoronaVac and a booster dose. Antibody titres declined significantly 7 months post-vaccination in participants who did not receive a booster dose. Higher levels of antibodies and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection were associated with protection against breakthrough COVID-19.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37102137
doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.04.003
pii: S2772-7076(23)00045-0
pmc: PMC10076246
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
222-229Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Author(s).
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
MCB, GJV, NNF, PMMG, GRM, BALF and RTC received research support from Instituto Butantan during the conduct of this study. SCSV, LBS, MAALSA, PEB, SK, HABG, JDF, MAL, PHMP and DTC are employees of Instituto Butantan.
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