Online Monitoring of the Growth of Probiotic Bacteria and Metabolites in the Fermentation of a Teff Substrate Using Model-Based Calibration of 2D Fluorescence Spectra.

The demand for probiotic bacteria-fermented food products is increasing; however, the monitoring of the fermentation process is still challenging when using conventional approaches. A classical approach requires a large amount of offline data to calibrate a chemometric model using fluorescence spectra. Fluorescence spectra provide a wide range of online information during the process of cultivation, but they require a large amount of offline data (which involves laborious work) for the calibration procedure when using a classical approach. In this study, an alternative model-based calibration approach was used to predict biomass (the growth of