Circularity in animal production requires a change in the EAT-Lancet diet in Europe.


Journal

Nature food
ISSN: 2662-1355
Titre abrégé: Nat Food
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101761102

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
01 2022
Historique:
received: 14 01 2021
accepted: 04 11 2021
medline: 1 5 2023
pubmed: 1 1 2022
entrez: 28 4 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

It is not known whether dietary guidelines proposing a limited intake of animal protein are compatible with the adoption of circular food systems. Using a resource-allocation model, we compared the effects of circularity on the supply of animal-source nutrients in Europe with the nutritional requirements of the EAT-Lancet reference diet. We found the two to be compatible in terms of total animal-source proteins but not specific animal-source foods; in particular, the EAT-Lancet guidelines recommend larger quantities of poultry meat over beef and pork, while a circular food system produces mainly milk, dairy-beef and pork. Compared with the EAT-Lancet reference diet, greenhouse gas emissions were reduced by up to 31% and arable land use reduced by up to 42%. Careful consideration of the feasible substitutability between animal-source foods is needed to define potential roles of animal products in circular human diets.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37118484
doi: 10.1038/s43016-021-00425-3
pii: 10.1038/s43016-021-00425-3
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

66-73

Informations de copyright

© 2022. The Author(s).

Références

Godfray, H. C. J. et al. Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science 327, 812–818 (2010).
doi: 10.1126/science.1185383
Foley, J. A. et al. Solutions for a cultivated planet. Nature 478, 337–342 (2011).
doi: 10.1038/nature10452
Godfray, H. C. J. et al. Meat consumption, health, and the environment. Science 361, eaam5324 (2018).
doi: 10.1126/science.aam5324
Willett, W. et al. Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet 393, 447–492 (2019).
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31788-4
Springmann, M. et al. Health and nutritional aspects of sustainable diet strategies and their association with environmental impacts: a global modelling analysis with country-level detail. Lancet Planet. Health 2, e451–e461 (2018).
doi: 10.1016/S2542-5196(18)30206-7
Eme, P. E., Douwes, J., Kim, N., Foliaki, S. & Burlingame, B. Review of methodologies for assessing sustainable diets and potential for development of harmonised indicators. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 16, 1184 (2019).
doi: 10.3390/ijerph16071184
van de Kamp, M. E. et al. Healthy diets with reduced environmental impact? The greenhouse gas emissions of various diets adhering to the Dutch food based dietary guidelines. Food Res. Int. 104, 14–24 (2018).
doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.06.006
Mertens, E. et al. Improving health and carbon footprints of European diets using a benchmarking approach. Public Health Nutr. 24, 565–575 (2021).
doi: 10.1017/S1368980020003341
Steffen, W. et al. Planetary boundaries: guiding human development on a changing planet. Science 347, 1259855 (2015).
doi: 10.1126/science.1259855
Campbell, B. M. et al. Agriculture production as a major driver of the earth system exceeding planetary boundaries. Ecol. Soc. 22, 4 (2017).
doi: 10.5751/ES-09595-220408
Frehner, A., Muller, A., Schader, C., De Boer, I. J. M. & Van Zanten, H. H. E. Methodological choices drive differences in environmentally-friendly dietary solutions. Glob. Food Sec. 24, 100333 (2020).
doi: 10.1016/j.gfs.2019.100333
Poore, J. & Nemecek, T. Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science 360, 987–992 (2018).
doi: 10.1126/science.aaq0216
Röös, E. et al. Greedy or needy? Land use and climate impacts of food in 2050 under different livestock futures. Glob. Environ. Chang. 47, 1–12 (2017).
doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.09.001
Van Zanten, H. H. E. et al. Defining a land boundary for sustainable livestock consumption. Glob. Chang. Biol. 24, 4185–4194 (2018).
doi: 10.1111/gcb.14321
Van Hal, O. et al. Upcycling food leftovers and grass resources through livestock: Impact of livestock system and productivity. J. Clean. Prod. 219, 485–496 (2019).
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.329
Schader, C., Muller, A., Scialabba, N. E., Hecht, J. & Stolze, M. Comparing global and product-based LCA perspectives on environmental impacts of low-concentrate ruminant production. In Proc. 9th International Conference on Life Cycle Assessment in the Agri-Food Sector (LCA Food 2014) (eds Schenck, R. & Huizen, D.) San Francisco, California, USA, 1203–1209 (2014).
Van Kernebeek, H. R. J., Oosting, S. J., Van Ittersum, M. K., Bikker, P. & De Boer, I. J. M. Saving land to feed a growing population: consequences for consumption of crop and livestock products. Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. 21, 677–687 (2016).
doi: 10.1007/s11367-015-0923-6
Van Zanten, H. H. E., Wan Ittersum, M. K. D. & e Boer, I. J. M. The role of farm animals in a circular food system. Glob. Food Sec. 21, 18–22 (2019).
doi: 10.1016/j.gfs.2019.06.003
De Boer, I. J. M. & Van Ittersum, M. K. Circularity in Agricultural Production (Wageningen University & Research, 2018) https://www.wur.nl/upload_mm/7/5/5/14119893-7258-45e6-b4d0-e514a8b6316a_Circularity-in-agricultural-production-20122018.pdf
Mottet, A. et al. Livestock: on our plates or eating at our table? A new analysis of the feed/food debate. Glob. Food Sec. 14, 1–8 (2017).
doi: 10.1016/j.gfs.2017.01.001
Schader, C. et al. Impacts of feeding less food-competing feedstuffs to livestock on global food system sustainability. J. R. Soc. Interface 12, 20150891 (2015).
doi: 10.1098/rsif.2015.0891
Dietary Reference Values for Nutrients. Summary Report (European Food Safety Authority, 2017).
Aune, D. et al. Whole grain consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all cause and cause specific mortality: systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies. BMJ 353, 1–14 (2016).
Plutzar, C. et al. Changes in the spatial patterns of human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) in Europe 1990–2006. Reg. Environ. Chang. 16, 1225–1238 (2016).
doi: 10.1007/s10113-015-0820-3
Haberl, H. et al. Quantifying and mapping the human appropriation of net primary production in Earth’s terrestrial ecosystems. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 104, 12942–12947 (2007).
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0704243104
Velthof, G. L. et al. Integrated assessment of nitrogen losses from agriculture in EU-27 using Miterra-Europe. J. Environ. Qual. 38, 402–417 (2009).
doi: 10.2134/jeq2008.0108
Elizabeth, L., Machado, P., Zinöcker, M., Baker, P. & Lawrence, M. Ultra-processed foods and health outcomes: a narrative review. Nutrients 12, 1955 (2020).
doi: 10.3390/nu12071955
Murphy, S. P. & Allen, L. H. Nutritional importance of animal source foods. J. Nutr. 133, 3932S–3935S (2003).
doi: 10.1093/jn/133.11.3932S
Röös, E. et al. Protein futures for Western Europe: potential land use and climate impacts in 2050. Reg. Environ. Chang. 17, 367–377 (2017).
doi: 10.1007/s10113-016-1013-4
Etemadi, A. et al. Mortality from different causes associated with meat, heme iron, nitrates, and nitrites in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study: population based cohort study. BMJ 357, j1957 (2017).
doi: 10.1136/bmj.j1957
Papargyropoulou, E., Lozano, R., Steinberger, J. K., Wright, N. & Ujang, Z. Bin The food waste hierarchy as a framework for the management of food surplus and food waste. J. Clean. Prod. 76, 106–115 (2014).
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.04.020
zu Ermgassen, E. K. H. J., Phalan, B., Green, R. E. & Balmford, A. Reducing the land use of EU pork production: where there’s swill, there’s a way. Food Policy 58, 35–48 (2016).
doi: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.11.001
Herrero, M. et al. Innovation can accelerate the transition towards a sustainable food system. Nat. Food 1, 266–272 (2020).
doi: 10.1038/s43016-020-0074-1
Carlson, K. M. et al. Greenhouse gas emissions intensity of global croplands. Nat. Clim. Chang. 7, 63–68 (2017).
doi: 10.1038/nclimate3158
Rijk, B., van Ittersum, M. & Withagen, J. Genetic progress in Dutch crop yields. Field Crops Res. 149, 262–268 (2013).
doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.05.008
Fischer, T., Byerlee, D. & Edmeades, G. Crop yields and global food security. Will yield increase continue to feed the world? Eur. Rev. Agric. Econ. 43, 191–192 (2016).
doi: 10.1093/erae/jbv034
Schils, R. et al. Cereal yield gaps across Europe. Eur. J. Agron. 101, 109–120 (2018).
doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2018.09.003
FAOSTAT (FAO, 2019) http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#home
Vellinga, T. V. et al. Methodology used in feedprint: a tool quantifying greenhouse gas emissions of feed production and utilization. Livest. Res. Rep. 674, 121 (2013).
Technical Conversion Factors for Agricultural Commodities (FAO, 1996).
Gustavsson, J., Cederberg, C., Sonesson, U., Otterdijk, R. & Meybeck, A. Global Food Losses and Food Waste—Extent, Causes and Prevention (2011).
van Hal, O. Upcycling Biomass in a Circular Food System: The Role of Livestock and Fish. PhD thesis, Wageningen University (2020) https://doi.org/10.18174/524412
Spek, J. W. & Van Wesemael, D. CVB Feed Table 2021 (CVB, 2021) www.cvbdiervoeding.nl
International Aquaculture Feed Formulation Database (IAFFD, 2018).
Food and Nutrient Database (US Department of Agriculture, 2020).
L. A. Lagerwerf, A. Bannink, C. van Bruggen, C. M. Groenestein, J. F. M. Huijsmans, WOt-technical report 148 J. W. H. van der Kolk, H. H. Luesink, S. M. van der Sluis, G. L. Velthof & J. Vonk Methodology for Estimating Emissions from Agriculture in the Netherlands—Update 2019 (Statutory Research Tasks Unit for Nature & the Environment, 2019) https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/549203
Van Hal, O., Weijenberg, A. A. A., De Boer, I. J. M. & Van Zanten, H. H. E. Accounting for feed–food competition in environmental impact assessment: towards a resource efficient food-system. J. Clean. Prod. 240, 118241 (2019).
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118241
IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Ch. 10, 87 (IPCC, 2006).
Zom, R. L. G. & Groenestein, C. M. Excretion of volatile solids by livestock to calculate methane production from manure. RAMIRAN 2015, 16th International Conference Rural-Urban Symbiosis, 8th - 10th September 2015, Hamburg, Germany (2015).
IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Ch. 11, 54 (2006).
MacLeod, M. J., Hasan, M. R., Robb, D. H. & Mamun-Ur-Rashid, M. Quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from global aquaculture. Sci Rep. 10, 11679 (2020).
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68231-8
IPCC. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis (eds Stocker, T. F. et al.) (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2013) https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/

Auteurs

Benjamin van Selm (B)

Animal Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands. ben.vanselm@wur.nl.
Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands. ben.vanselm@wur.nl.

Anita Frehner (A)

Animal Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Department of Socioeconomics, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland.

Imke J M de Boer (IJM)

Animal Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Ollie van Hal (O)

Animal Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Renske Hijbeek (R)

Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Martin K van Ittersum (MK)

Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Elise F Talsma (EF)

Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Jan Peter Lesschen (JP)

Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Chantal M J Hendriks (CMJ)

Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Mario Herrero (M)

Department of Global Development, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.

Hannah H E van Zanten (HHE)

Farming Systems Ecology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Classifications MeSH