[Immunopathogenesis of mucous membrane pemphigoid].

Immunpathogenese des Schleimhautpemphigoids.

Journal

Die Ophthalmologie
ISSN: 2731-7218
Titre abrégé: Ophthalmologie
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9918402288106676

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
May 2023
Historique:
accepted: 04 04 2023
medline: 15 5 2023
pubmed: 2 5 2023
entrez: 2 5 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

A detailed understanding of the immunopathogenesis of mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is of particular importance in view of the mostly difficult diagnostics and treatment of this blistering autoimmune dermatosis. A still unknown disturbance of the body's own immune tolerance leads to the formation of autoreactive cells. As the disease progresses these produce autoantibodies which are directed against structural proteins in the basement membrane zone (BMZ). After they bind to the target antigen, complement factors are deposited along the BMZ and inflammatory cells invade the underlying tissue and produce the characteristic subepithelial blistering. This inflammatory response is associated with fibrosis and scarring in many affected tissues. Most phases of MMP pathogenesis are poorly understood; however, the last few years have shed more light on this processes. These advances are mostly the result of animal and cell culture models. Typical clinical and immunopathological characteristics of MMP, such as oral, conjunctival and skin lesions, are reflected, for example, in an antibody transfer-induced mouse model for anti-laminin 332 MMP in adult mice. Dapsone, as first-line treatment for MMP patients, significantly reduced the severity of these symptoms, and fibrosis in the skin and mucous membranes was also found histologically, which makes the model well-suited for testing new therapeutic approaches for MMP patients and might be of help for further elucidation of the immunopathogenesis of MMP. Ein detailliertes Verständnis der Immunpathogenese des Schleimhautpemphigoids (SHPs) ist von besonderer Bedeutung mit Hinblick auf die zumeist schwierige Diagnostik und Behandlung dieser blasenbildenden Autoimmundermatose. Eine noch unbekannte Störung der körpereigenen Immuntoleranz führt zur Bildung von autoreaktiven Zellen. Diese produzieren im weiteren Verlauf der Erkrankung Autoantikörper, die gegen Strukturproteine der Basalmembranzone (BMZ), gerichtet sind. Nach ihrer Bindung an das Zielantigen, werden Komplementfaktoren an der BMZ abgelagert, und es kommt zur Einwanderung von Entzündungszellen in das darunterliegende Gewebe und zur charakteristischen subepithelialen Blasenbildung. Diese Entzündungsreaktion ist in vielen betroffenen Geweben mit einer Fibrotisierung und Narbenbildung verbunden. Die meisten Phasen der SHP-Pathogenese sind unzureichend erforscht. Die letzten Jahre haben jedoch mehr Licht in die Prozesse bringen können, die an der Immunpathogenese des SHPs beteiligt sind. Diese Fortschritte sind nicht zuletzt auf Tier- und Zellkulturmodelle zurückzuführen. Wichtige klinische und immunpathologische Charakteristika des SHP wie orale und konjunktivale sowie auch Hautläsionen spiegeln sich beispielsweise in einem durch Antikörpertransfer induzierten Mausmodell für Anti-Laminin-332-SHP in erwachsenen Mäusen wider. Dapson – als Erstlinientherapie für SHP-Patienten – konnte die Schwere dieser Symptome signifikant reduzieren, und es zeigten sich auch histologisch Fibrosierungen in Haut und Schleimhaut, wodurch sich dieses Mausmodell wohl für die Testung neuer Therapieansätze für SHP-Patienten gut eignen und bei der weiteren Aufklärung der Immunpathogenese des SHPs behilflich sein könnte.

Autres résumés

Type: Publisher (ger)
Ein detailliertes Verständnis der Immunpathogenese des Schleimhautpemphigoids (SHPs) ist von besonderer Bedeutung mit Hinblick auf die zumeist schwierige Diagnostik und Behandlung dieser blasenbildenden Autoimmundermatose. Eine noch unbekannte Störung der körpereigenen Immuntoleranz führt zur Bildung von autoreaktiven Zellen. Diese produzieren im weiteren Verlauf der Erkrankung Autoantikörper, die gegen Strukturproteine der Basalmembranzone (BMZ), gerichtet sind. Nach ihrer Bindung an das Zielantigen, werden Komplementfaktoren an der BMZ abgelagert, und es kommt zur Einwanderung von Entzündungszellen in das darunterliegende Gewebe und zur charakteristischen subepithelialen Blasenbildung. Diese Entzündungsreaktion ist in vielen betroffenen Geweben mit einer Fibrotisierung und Narbenbildung verbunden. Die meisten Phasen der SHP-Pathogenese sind unzureichend erforscht. Die letzten Jahre haben jedoch mehr Licht in die Prozesse bringen können, die an der Immunpathogenese des SHPs beteiligt sind. Diese Fortschritte sind nicht zuletzt auf Tier- und Zellkulturmodelle zurückzuführen. Wichtige klinische und immunpathologische Charakteristika des SHP wie orale und konjunktivale sowie auch Hautläsionen spiegeln sich beispielsweise in einem durch Antikörpertransfer induzierten Mausmodell für Anti-Laminin-332-SHP in erwachsenen Mäusen wider. Dapson – als Erstlinientherapie für SHP-Patienten – konnte die Schwere dieser Symptome signifikant reduzieren, und es zeigten sich auch histologisch Fibrosierungen in Haut und Schleimhaut, wodurch sich dieses Mausmodell wohl für die Testung neuer Therapieansätze für SHP-Patienten gut eignen und bei der weiteren Aufklärung der Immunpathogenese des SHPs behilflich sein könnte.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37129642
doi: 10.1007/s00347-023-01858-w
pii: 10.1007/s00347-023-01858-w
doi:

Types de publication

English Abstract Journal Article Review

Langues

ger

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

462-471

Commentaires et corrections

Type : ErratumIn

Informations de copyright

© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.

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Auteurs

Enno Schmidt (E)

Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland. enno.schmidt@uksh.de.
Lübecker Institut für Experimentelle Dermatologie (LIED), Universität zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Deutschland. enno.schmidt@uksh.de.

Sabrina Patzelt (S)

Lübecker Institut für Experimentelle Dermatologie (LIED), Universität zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Deutschland.

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