Metformin: A Promising Radiosensitizer in Neoadjuvant Rectal Cancer Treatment.


Journal

Reviews on recent clinical trials
ISSN: 1876-1038
Titre abrégé: Rev Recent Clin Trials
Pays: United Arab Emirates
ID NLM: 101270873

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2023
Historique:
received: 23 11 2022
revised: 07 03 2023
accepted: 15 03 2023
medline: 28 8 2023
pubmed: 3 5 2023
entrez: 3 5 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) decreases the risk of local recurrence after surgery in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and metformin is constantly gaining scientific interest due to its potentially radiosensitizing effect. This review article aims to better clarify the role of metformin as a radiosensitizer in patients with LARC undergoing neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy. We used the PubMed database to retrieve journal articles and the inclusion criteria were all human studies that illustrated the effective role of metformin in the neoadjuvant setting of locally advanced rectal cancer. Our search resulted in 17 citations, of which 10 eventually fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Promising results (improved tumor and nodal regression as well as higher pathologic complete response rate) have been occasionally documented with metformin use in some of the included studies. However, regarding survival and all-cause mortality, no significant difference has been found. Metformin might constitute a highly promising radiosensitizer in neoadjuvant LARC treatment attracting much scientific interest. Due to the lack of studies with high evidence, further advanced research is required to enhance the existing knowledge about its potential value in this field.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) decreases the risk of local recurrence after surgery in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and metformin is constantly gaining scientific interest due to its potentially radiosensitizing effect.
OBJECTIVE
This review article aims to better clarify the role of metformin as a radiosensitizer in patients with LARC undergoing neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
METHODS
We used the PubMed database to retrieve journal articles and the inclusion criteria were all human studies that illustrated the effective role of metformin in the neoadjuvant setting of locally advanced rectal cancer.
RESULTS
Our search resulted in 17 citations, of which 10 eventually fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Promising results (improved tumor and nodal regression as well as higher pathologic complete response rate) have been occasionally documented with metformin use in some of the included studies. However, regarding survival and all-cause mortality, no significant difference has been found.
CONCLUSION
Metformin might constitute a highly promising radiosensitizer in neoadjuvant LARC treatment attracting much scientific interest. Due to the lack of studies with high evidence, further advanced research is required to enhance the existing knowledge about its potential value in this field.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37132307
pii: RRCT-EPUB-131320
doi: 10.2174/1574887118666230428114349
doi:

Substances chimiques

Metformin 9100L32L2N
Radiation-Sensitizing Agents 0

Types de publication

Review Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

172-180

Informations de copyright

Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.

Auteurs

Nikolaos S Georgopoulos (NS)

Medical Faculty, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 415 00 Larissa, Greece.

Maria Tolia (M)

Department of Radiotherapy, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 711 10, Heraklion, Greece.

Davide Mauri (D)

Medical Oncology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.

Konstantinos Kamposioras (K)

Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.

Nikolaos Charalampakis (N)

Oncology Clinic, Metaxa Hospital, Piraeus, Greece.

Nikolaos Tsoukalas (N)

Department of Oncology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Areti Gkantaifi (A)

Department of Radiotherapy, Theageneio Cancer Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece.

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Classifications MeSH