Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among recruits in a US Army training environment: a brief report.


Journal

Journal of public health (Oxford, England)
ISSN: 1741-3850
Titre abrégé: J Public Health (Oxf)
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101188638

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
28 08 2023
Historique:
received: 14 12 2022
revised: 10 02 2023
medline: 1 9 2023
pubmed: 3 5 2023
entrez: 3 5 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

In 2020, preventive measures were implemented to mitigate the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among 600-700 recruits arriving weekly at a basic combat training (BCT) facility in the southern United States. Trainees were sorted into companies and platoons (cocoons) at arrival, tested, quarantined for 14 days with daily temperature and respiratory-symptom monitoring and retested before release into larger groups for training where symptomatic testing was conducted. Nonpharmaceutical measures, such as masking, and social distancing, were maintained throughout quarantine and BCT. We assessed for SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the quarantine milieu. Nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs were collected at arrival and at the end of quarantine and blood specimens at both timepoints and at the end of BCT. Epidemiological characteristics were analyzed for transmission clusters identified from whole-genome sequencing of NP samples. Among 1403 trainees enrolled from 25 August to 7 October 2020, epidemiological analysis identified three transmission clusters (n = 20 SARS-CoV-2 genomes) during quarantine, which spanned five different cocoons. However, SARS-CoV-2 incidence decreased from 2.7% during quarantine to 1.5% at the end of BCT; prevalence at arrival was 3.3%. These findings suggest layered SARS-CoV-2 mitigation measures implemented during quarantine minimized the risk of further transmission in BCT.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
In 2020, preventive measures were implemented to mitigate the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among 600-700 recruits arriving weekly at a basic combat training (BCT) facility in the southern United States. Trainees were sorted into companies and platoons (cocoons) at arrival, tested, quarantined for 14 days with daily temperature and respiratory-symptom monitoring and retested before release into larger groups for training where symptomatic testing was conducted. Nonpharmaceutical measures, such as masking, and social distancing, were maintained throughout quarantine and BCT. We assessed for SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the quarantine milieu.
METHODS
Nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs were collected at arrival and at the end of quarantine and blood specimens at both timepoints and at the end of BCT. Epidemiological characteristics were analyzed for transmission clusters identified from whole-genome sequencing of NP samples.
RESULTS
Among 1403 trainees enrolled from 25 August to 7 October 2020, epidemiological analysis identified three transmission clusters (n = 20 SARS-CoV-2 genomes) during quarantine, which spanned five different cocoons. However, SARS-CoV-2 incidence decreased from 2.7% during quarantine to 1.5% at the end of BCT; prevalence at arrival was 3.3%.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest layered SARS-CoV-2 mitigation measures implemented during quarantine minimized the risk of further transmission in BCT.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37132356
pii: 7147866
doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad026
pmc: PMC10470341
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

748-752

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Faculty of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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Auteurs

Shilpa Hakre (S)

Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA.

Irina Maljkovic-Berry (I)

Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Cherokee Nation Technology Solutions, Tulsa, OK, USA.

Jun Hang (J)

Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.

Matthew A Conte (MA)

Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Cherokee Nation Technology Solutions, Tulsa, OK, USA.

Adam R Pollio (AR)

Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Cherokee Nation Technology Solutions, Tulsa, OK, USA.

Christian K Fung (CK)

Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Cherokee Nation Technology Solutions, Tulsa, OK, USA.

Jaykumar Gandhi (J)

Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Cherokee Nation Technology Solutions, Tulsa, OK, USA.

Sheila A Peel (SA)

Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.

Grace M Lidl (GM)

Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.

Mark E Huhtanen (ME)

Moncrief Army Health Clinic, Fort Jackson, Columbia, SC, USA.

Tara L Hall (TL)

Moncrief Army Health Clinic, Fort Jackson, Columbia, SC, USA.

Kayvon Modjarrad (K)

Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.

Heather L Friberg (HL)

Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.

Robert J O'Connell (RJ)

Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.

Paul T Scott (PT)

Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.

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Classifications MeSH