Microbiota in the oral cavity of school-age children with HIV who started antiretroviral therapy at young ages in South Africa.
Journal
AIDS (London, England)
ISSN: 1473-5571
Titre abrégé: AIDS
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8710219
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 08 2023
01 08 2023
Historique:
pmc-release:
01
08
2024
medline:
17
7
2023
pubmed:
18
5
2023
entrez:
18
5
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Infancy is an important developmental period when the microbiome is shaped. We hypothesized that earlier antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation would attenuate HIV effects on microbiota in the mouth. Oral swabs were collected from 477 children with HIV (CWH) and 123 children without (controls) at two sites in Johannesburg, South Africa. CWH had started ART less than 3 years of age; 63% less than 6 months of age. Most were well controlled on ART at median age 11 years when the swab was collected. Controls were age-matched and recruited from the same communities. Sequencing of V4 amplicon of 16S rRNA was done. Differences in microbial diversity and relative abundances of taxa were compared between the groups. CWH had lower alpha diversity than controls. Genus-level abundances of Granulicatella, Streptococcus, and Gemella were greater and Neisseria and Haemophilus less abundant among CWH than controls. Associations were stronger among boys. Associations were not attenuated with earlier ART initiation. Shifts in genus-level taxa abundances in CWH relative to controls were most marked in children on lopinavir/ritonavir regimens, with fewer shifts seen if on efavirenz ART regimens. A distinct profile of less diverse oral bacterial taxa was observed in school-aged CWH on ART compared with uninfected controls suggesting modulation of microbiota in the mouth by HIV and/or its treatments. Earlier ART initiation was not associated with microbiota profile. Proximal factors, including current ART regimen, were associated with contemporaneous profile of oral microbiota and may have masked associations with distal factors such as age at ART initiation.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Infancy is an important developmental period when the microbiome is shaped. We hypothesized that earlier antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation would attenuate HIV effects on microbiota in the mouth.
METHODS
Oral swabs were collected from 477 children with HIV (CWH) and 123 children without (controls) at two sites in Johannesburg, South Africa. CWH had started ART less than 3 years of age; 63% less than 6 months of age. Most were well controlled on ART at median age 11 years when the swab was collected. Controls were age-matched and recruited from the same communities. Sequencing of V4 amplicon of 16S rRNA was done. Differences in microbial diversity and relative abundances of taxa were compared between the groups.
RESULTS
CWH had lower alpha diversity than controls. Genus-level abundances of Granulicatella, Streptococcus, and Gemella were greater and Neisseria and Haemophilus less abundant among CWH than controls. Associations were stronger among boys. Associations were not attenuated with earlier ART initiation. Shifts in genus-level taxa abundances in CWH relative to controls were most marked in children on lopinavir/ritonavir regimens, with fewer shifts seen if on efavirenz ART regimens.
CONCLUSION
A distinct profile of less diverse oral bacterial taxa was observed in school-aged CWH on ART compared with uninfected controls suggesting modulation of microbiota in the mouth by HIV and/or its treatments. Earlier ART initiation was not associated with microbiota profile. Proximal factors, including current ART regimen, were associated with contemporaneous profile of oral microbiota and may have masked associations with distal factors such as age at ART initiation.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37199568
doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003599
pii: 00002030-202308010-00011
pmc: PMC10524539
mid: NIHMS1899580
doi:
Substances chimiques
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1583-1591Subventions
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : R01 HD061255
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : R01 HD047177
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDCR NIH HHS
ID : R01 DE028135
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : R01 HD073952
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : R01 HD073977
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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