Combinatorial expression of ebony and tan generates body color variation from nymph through adult stages in the cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus.
Journal
PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
Titre abrégé: PLoS One
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101285081
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
received:
13
01
2023
accepted:
04
05
2023
medline:
22
5
2023
pubmed:
18
5
2023
entrez:
18
5
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Insect body colors and patterns change markedly during development in some species as they adapt to their surroundings. The contribution of melanin and sclerotin pigments, both of which are synthesized from dopamine, to cuticle tanning has been well studied. Nevertheless, little is known about how insects alter their body color patterns. To investigate this mechanism, the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus, whose body color patterns change during postembryonic development, was used as a model in this study. We focused on the ebony and tan genes, which encode enzymes that catalyze the synthesis and degradation, respectively, of the precursor of yellow sclerotin N-β-alanyl dopamine (NBAD). Expression of the G. bimaculatus (Gb) ebony and tan transcripts tended to be elevated just after hatching and the molting period. We found that dynamic alterations in the combined expression levels of Gb'ebony and Gb'tan correlated with the body color transition from the nymphal stages to the adult. The body color of Gb'ebony knockout mutants generated by CRISPR/Cas9 systemically darkened. Meanwhile, Gb'tan knockout mutants displayed a yellow color in certain areas and stages. The phenotypes of the Gb'ebony and Gb'tan mutants probably result from an over-production of melanin and yellow sclerotin NBAD, respectively. Overall, stage-specific body color patterns in the postembryonic stages of the cricket are governed by the combinatorial expression of Gb'ebony and Gb'tan. Our findings provide insights into the mechanism by which insects evolve adaptive body coloration at each developmental stage.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37200362
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285934
pii: PONE-D-23-01091
pmc: PMC10194958
doi:
Substances chimiques
Melanins
0
Dopamine
VTD58H1Z2X
Insect Proteins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e0285934Informations de copyright
Copyright: © 2023 Inoue et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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