Acetazolamide for metabolic alkalosis complicating respiratory failure with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or obesity hypoventilation syndrome: a systematic review.
Assisted Ventilation
COPD Exacerbations
Critical Care
Journal
Thorax
ISSN: 1468-3296
Titre abrégé: Thorax
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0417353
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2023
10 2023
Historique:
received:
03
01
2023
accepted:
03
03
2023
medline:
18
9
2023
pubmed:
23
5
2023
entrez:
22
5
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Metabolic alkalosis may lead to respiratory inhibition and increased need for ventilatory support or prolongation of weaning from ventilation for patients with chronic respiratory disease. Acetazolamide can reduce alkalaemia and may reduce respiratory depression. We searched Medline, EMBASE and CENTRAL from inception to March 2022 for randomised controlled trials comparing acetazolamide to placebo in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity hypoventilation syndrome or obstructive sleep apnoea, hospitalised with acute respiratory deterioration complicated by metabolic alkalosis. The primary outcome was mortality and we pooled data using random-effects meta-analysis. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 (Risk of Bias 2) tool, heterogeneity was assessed using the I Four studies with 504 patients were included. 99% of included patients had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. No trials recruited patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. 50% of trials recruited patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Risk of bias was overall low to some risk. There was no statistically significant difference with acetazolamide in mortality (relative risk 0.98 (95% CI 0.28 to 3.46); p=0.95; 490 participants; three studies; GRADE low certainty) or duration of ventilatory support (mean difference -0.8 days (95% CI -7.2 to 5.6); p=0.36; 427 participants; two studies; GRADE: low certainty). Acetazolamide may have little impact on respiratory failure with metabolic alkalosis in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. However, clinically significant benefits or harms are unable to be excluded, and larger trials are required. CRD42021278757.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Metabolic alkalosis may lead to respiratory inhibition and increased need for ventilatory support or prolongation of weaning from ventilation for patients with chronic respiratory disease. Acetazolamide can reduce alkalaemia and may reduce respiratory depression.
METHODS
We searched Medline, EMBASE and CENTRAL from inception to March 2022 for randomised controlled trials comparing acetazolamide to placebo in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity hypoventilation syndrome or obstructive sleep apnoea, hospitalised with acute respiratory deterioration complicated by metabolic alkalosis. The primary outcome was mortality and we pooled data using random-effects meta-analysis. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 (Risk of Bias 2) tool, heterogeneity was assessed using the I
RESULTS
Four studies with 504 patients were included. 99% of included patients had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. No trials recruited patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. 50% of trials recruited patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Risk of bias was overall low to some risk. There was no statistically significant difference with acetazolamide in mortality (relative risk 0.98 (95% CI 0.28 to 3.46); p=0.95; 490 participants; three studies; GRADE low certainty) or duration of ventilatory support (mean difference -0.8 days (95% CI -7.2 to 5.6); p=0.36; 427 participants; two studies; GRADE: low certainty).
CONCLUSION
Acetazolamide may have little impact on respiratory failure with metabolic alkalosis in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. However, clinically significant benefits or harms are unable to be excluded, and larger trials are required.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42021278757.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37217290
pii: thorax-2023-219988
doi: 10.1136/thorax-2023-219988
doi:
Substances chimiques
Acetazolamide
O3FX965V0I
Types de publication
Systematic Review
Meta-Analysis
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1004-1010Informations de copyright
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Competing interests: None declared.