Form and Function: Technique for Free Functional Gracilis Harvest With Greater Saphenous Vein for Large Skin Paddle.


Journal

Techniques in hand & upper extremity surgery
ISSN: 1531-6572
Titre abrégé: Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9704676

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
01 Sep 2023
Historique:
medline: 21 8 2023
pubmed: 23 5 2023
entrez: 23 5 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Free functional gracilis transfer is a technique for restoration of upper extremity function following brachial plexus injury, as well as muscle loss from traumatic, oncologic, and congenital causes. However, when used for the latter applications, a functional muscle as well as large skin paddle can be required. Historically, skin paddle size was limited by venous outflow of the gracilis flap, using 1 or 2 venae comitantes, and large unreliable skin paddles resulting in partial necrosis. Therefore, to restore form and function, we herein present a technique of free functional gracilis muscle harvest with inclusion of adjacent greater saphenous vein for inclusion of a large skin paddle with 2 venous drainage systems.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37218464
doi: 10.1097/BTH.0000000000000437
pii: 00130911-990000000-00053
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

194-198

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Conflicts of Interest and Source of Funding: The authors report no conflicts of interest and no source of funding.

Références

Stevanovic M, Sharpe F. Functional free muscle transfer for upper extremity reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014;134:257e–274e.
Barrie KA, Steinmann SP, Shin AY, et al. Gracilis free muscle transfer for restoration of function after complete brachial plexus avulsion. Neurosurg Focus. 2004;16:E8.
Wade RG, Griffiths TT, Flather R, et al. Safety and outcomes of different surgical techniques for cubital tunnel decompression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3:e2024352.
Lin SH, Chuang DCC, Hattori Y, et al. Traumatic major muscle loss in the upper extremity: reconstruction using functioning free muscle transplantation. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2004;20:227–235.
Venkatramani H, Bhardwaj P, Sabapathy SR. Role of free functioning muscle transfer in improving the functional outcomes following replantation of crush avulsion amputations of the forearm. Injury. 2019;50(suppl 5):S105–S110.
Zuker RM, Egerszegi EP, Manktelow RT, et al. Volkmann’s ischemic contracture in children: the results of free vascularized muscle transplantation. Microsurgery. 1991;12:341–345.
Sabapathy SR, Venkatramani H, Bhardwaj P, et al. Technical considerations and outcome of free functioning gracilis muscle transfer for finger flexion in patients with Volkmann’s ischemic contracture. Injury. 2021;52:3640–3645.
Oishi SN, Ezaki M. Free gracilis transfer to restore finger flexion in Volkmann ischemic contracture. Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg. 2010;14:104–107.
Doi K, Kuwata N, Kawakami F, et al. Limb-sparing surgery with reinnervated free-muscle transfer following radical excision of soft-tissue sarcoma in the extremity. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999;104:1679–1687.
Doi K, Arakawa Y, Hattori Y, et al. Restoration of elbow flexion with functioning free muscle transfer in arthrogryposis: a report of two cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011;93:e105.
Mathes SJ, Nahai F. Classification of the vascular anatomy of muscles: experimental and clinical correlation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1981;67:177–187.
Arnez ZM, Pogorelec D, Planinsek F, et al. Breast reconstruction by the free transverse gracilis (TUG) flap. Br J Plast Surg. 2004;57:20–26.
Karakawa R, Yoshimatsu H, Fuse Y, et al. The correlation of the perforators and the accessory saphenous vein in a profunda femoris artery perforator flap for additional venous anastomosis: A cadaveric study and clinical application. Microsurgery. 2020;40:200–206.
Iida T, Yoshimatsu H, Karakawa R, et al. Additional venous anastomosis in free profunda artery perforator flap transfer using the posterior accessory saphenous vein. J Plast Reconstr Aesthetic Surg. 2019;72:1936–1941.
Tamai S, Komatsu S, Sakamoto H, et al. Free muscle transplants in dogs, with microsurgical neurovascular anastomoses. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1970;46:219–225.
Harii K, Ohmori K, Torii S. Free gracilis muscle transplantation, with microneurovascular anastomoses for the treatment of facial paralysis. A preliminary report. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1976;57:133–143.
[No authors listed]. Free muscle transplantation by microsurgical neurovascular anastomoses. Report of a case. Chin Med J (Engl). 1976;2:47–50.
Ikuta Y, Yoshioka K, Tsuge K. Free muscle graft as applied to brachial plexus injury—case report and experimental study. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1979;8:454–458.
Manktelow RT, McKee NH. Free muscle transplantation to provide active finger flexion. J Hand Surg Am. 1978;3:416–426.
Doi K, Kuwata N, Muramatsu K, et al. Double muscle transfer for upper extremity reconstruction following complete avulsion of the brachial plexus. Hand Clin. 1999;15:757–767.
Doi K, Muramatsu K, Hattori Y, et al. Restoration of prehension with the double free muscle technique following complete avulsion of the brachial plexus. Indications and long-term results. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000;82:652–666.
Carlsen BT, Bishop AT, Shin AY. Late reconstruction for brachial plexus injury. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2009;20:51–64.
Giuffre JL, Kakar S, Kakar S, et al. Current concepts of the treatment of adult brachial plexus injuries. J Hand Surg Am. 2010;35:678–688; quiz 688.
Maldonado AA, Kircher MF, Spinner RJ, et al. Free functioning gracilis muscle transfer with and without simultaneous intercostal nerve transfer to musculocutaneous nerve for restoration of elbow flexion after traumatic adult brachial pan-plexus injury. J Hand Surg Am. 2017;42:293.e1–293.e7.
Yang LJS, Chang KWC, Chung KC. A systematic review of nerve transfer and nerve repair for the treatment of adult upper brachial plexus injury. Neurosurgery. 2012;71:417–429; discussion 429.
Krauss EM, Tung TH, Moore AM. Free functional muscle transfers to restore upper extremity function. Hand Clin. 2016;32:243–256.
Whetzel TP, Lechtman AN. The gracilis myofasciocutaneous flap: vascular anatomy and clinical application. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1997;99:1642–1652; discussion 1653–1655.
McCraw JB, Massey FM, Shanklin KD, et al. Vaginal reconstruction with gracilis myocutaneous flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1976;58:176–183.
Yousif NJ, Matloub HS, Kolachalam R, et al. The transverse gracilis musculocutaneous flap. Ann Plast Surg. 1992;29:482–490.
Carr MM, Manktelow RT, Zuker RM. Gracilis donor site morbidity. Microsurgery. 1995;16:598–600.
Addosooki AI, Doi K, Hattori Y. Technique of harvesting the gracilis for free functioning muscle transplantation. Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg. 2006;10:245–251.
Bishop AT. Functioning free-muscle transfer for brachial plexus injury. Hand Clin. 2005;21:91–102.
Magden O, Tayfur V, Edizer M, et al. Anatomy of gracilis muscle flap. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21:1948–1950.
Kappler UA, Constantinescu MA, Büchler U, et al. Anatomy of the proximal cutaneous perforator vessels of the gracilis muscle. Br J Plast Surg. 2005;58:445–448.
Zuker RM, Manktelow RT. Functioning free muscle transfers. Hand Clin. 2007;23:57–72.
Fischer JP, Elliott RM, Kozin SH, et al. Free function muscle transfers for upper extremity reconstruction: a review of indications, techniques, and outcomes. J Hand Surg Am. 2013;38:2485–2490.
Hinchcliff KM, Kircher MF, Bishop AT, et al. Factors impacting the success of free functioning gracilis muscle transfer for elbow flexion in brachial plexus reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022;149:921e–929e.
Manetta F, Yu PJ, Mattia A, et al. Bedside vein mapping for conduit size in coronary artery bypass surgery. JSLS. 2017;21:e2016.00083.
Lee ZH, Alfonso AR, Stranix JT, et al. Vein size mismatch increases flap failure in lower extremity trauma free flap reconstruction. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2019;35:587–593.
Adams JE, Kircher MF, Spinner RJ, et al. Complications and outcomes of functional free gracilis transfer in brachial plexus palsy. Acta Orthop Belg. 2009;75:8–13.
Deutinger M, Kuzbari R, Paternostro-Sluga T, et al. Donor-site morbidity of the gracilis flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1995;95:1240–1244.
Estrella EP, Montales TD. Functioning free muscle transfer for the restoration of elbow flexion in brachial plexus injury patients. Injury. 2016;47:2525–2533.
Silva GB, Lima MR, Cho AB, et al. Gracilis muscle transfer to elbow flexion in brachial plexus injuries. Acta Ortop Bras. 2020;28:165–167.
Yang Y, Yang JT, Fu G, et al. Functioning free gracilis transfer to reconstruct elbow flexion and quality of life in global brachial plexus injured patients. Sci Rep. 2016;6:22479.
Coulet B, Boch C, Boretto J, et al. Free gracilis muscle transfer to restore elbow flexion in brachial plexus injuries. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2011;97:785–792.
Bitondo JM, Daggett WM, Torchiana DF, et al. Endoscopic versus open saphenous vein harvest: a comparison of postoperative wound complications. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002;73:523–528.
Belczak CEQ, de Godoy JMP, Cruz Júnior AF, et al. Lymphoscintigraphic findings: delayed oedema after great saphenous vein harvesting. Phlebology. 2011;26:185–190.
Heitink MV, Schurink GWH, de Pont CDJM, et al. Lymphedema after greater saphenous vein surgery. EJVES Extra. 2009;18:41–43.

Auteurs

Alexander Graf (A)

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

Akinade Ojemakinde (A)

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

Sachin Gupta (S)

Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Health System.

Nicole A Zelenski (NA)

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

L Scott Levin (LS)

Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Health System.
Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH