Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review.

cardiac mri covid-19 covid-19 vaccines echocardiogram electrocardiography myocarditis sars-cov-2

Journal

Cureus
ISSN: 2168-8184
Titre abrégé: Cureus
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101596737

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Apr 2023
Historique:
accepted: 22 04 2023
medline: 24 5 2023
pubmed: 24 5 2023
entrez: 24 5 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

COVID-19 vaccination has significantly reduced both the morbidity and mortality rates associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccines, especially mRNA vaccines, have been proposed in several studies to complicate viral myocarditis. Thus, our systematic and meta-analysis review aims to further investigate the possibility of an association between COVID-19 vaccines and myocarditis. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid, and Google Scholar and did a gray search of other databases using the following keywords and terms: "Myocarditis ("Myocarditis" Mesh) OR "Chagas Cardiomyopathy" Mesh) AND "COVID-19 Vaccines" Mesh. The studies were limited to only English articles that reported myocardial inflammation or myocarditis associated with COVID-19 vaccines. Pooled risk ratio with its 95% confidence interval was analyzed by RevMan software (5.4) to perform the meta-analysis. Our study included 671 patients from 44 studies with a mean age of 14-40 years. Nevertheless, myocarditis was noted in a mean of (3.227) days, and 4.19 per million vaccination recipients experienced myocarditis. Most cases were clinically presented with manifestations of cough, chest pain, and fever. Laboratory tests revealed increased C-reactive protein, and troponin with all other cardiac markers in most patients. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed late gadolinium enhancement with myocardial edema and cardiomegaly. Also, electrocardiograms revealed ST-segment elevation in most patients. Furthermore, the incidence of myocarditis was statistically significantly lower in the COVID-19 vaccine group as compared with the control group (RR = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.10-0.23, p-value < 0.00001). No significant association was found between COVID-19 vaccines and the incidence of myocarditis. The study's findings highlight the importance of implementing evidence-based COVID-19 prevention strategies, such as vaccination, to reduce the public health impact of COVID-19 and its associated complications.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37223162
doi: 10.7759/cureus.37999
pmc: PMC10203748
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Pagination

e37999

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023, Shaheen et al.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Auteurs

Nour Shaheen (N)

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EGY.

Abdelraouf Ramadan (A)

Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, EGY.

Ahmed Shaheen (A)

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EGY.

Mohamed Elmasry (M)

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EGY.

Sarya Swed (S)

Medicine, Aleppo University, Aleppo, SYR.

Wael Hafez (W)

Internal Medicine, NMC (New Medical Centre) Royal Hospital, Abu Dhabi, ARE.
Internal Medicine, The National Research Centre, Cairo, EGY.

Muhannad Wael (M)

Faculty of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Jerusalem, PSE.

Classifications MeSH