Preoperative Evaluation of Thyroid Cancer: A Review of Current Best Practices.

The incidence of thyroid cancer has significantly increased in recent decades. Although most thyroid cancers are small and carry an excellent prognosis, a subset of patients present with advanced thyroid cancer, which is associated with increased rates of morbidity and mortality. The management of thyroid cancer requires a thoughtful individualized approach to optimize oncologic outcomes and minimize morbidity associated with treatment. Because endocrinologists usually play a key role in the initial diagnosis and evaluation of thyroid cancers, a thorough understanding of the critical components of the preoperative evaluation facilitates the development of a timely and comprehensive management plan. The following review outlines considerations in the preoperative evaluation of patients with thyroid cancer. A clinical review based on current literature was generated by a multidisciplinary author panel. A review of considerations in the preoperative evaluation of thyroid cancer is provided. The topic areas include initial clinical evaluation, imaging modalities, cytologic evaluation, and the evolving role of mutational testing. Special considerations in the management of advanced thyroid cancer are discussed. Thorough and thoughtful preoperative evaluation is critical for formulating an appropriate treatment strategy in the management of thyroid cancer.

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Copyright © 2023 AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Disclosure Dr Nikiforov has IP ownership and receives royalties related to Thyroseq from the University of Pittsburgh as well as Consultancy agreement with Sonic Healthcare USA. Dr Randolph has received research grants (no personal fees) from Eisai, Medtronic and Fluoptics. Dr Randolph is the program director of the Mass. Eye & Ear Infirmary Endocrine Surgery Clinical Fellowship, which receives partial funding from Medtronic. Dr Randolph is the President of the International Thyroid Oncology Group (ITOG) and the World Congress on Thyroid Cancer (WCTC), is Chair of the Administrative Division of the American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) and is the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Otolaryngology Governor. All other authors have no conflicts to disclose.