How to Increase Cellular Glutathione.
N-acetyl cysteine
Nrf2 activators
cysteine prodrug
glutathione
glutathione boosters
oxidative stress
Journal
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2076-3921
Titre abrégé: Antioxidants (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101668981
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
13 May 2023
13 May 2023
Historique:
received:
03
04
2023
revised:
29
04
2023
accepted:
11
05
2023
medline:
27
5
2023
pubmed:
27
5
2023
entrez:
27
5
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Glutathione (GSH) has special antioxidant properties due to its high intracellular concentration, ubiquity, and high reactivity towards electrophiles of the sulfhydryl group of its cysteine moiety. In most diseases where oxidative stress is thought to play a pathogenic role, GSH concentration is significantly reduced, making cells more susceptible to oxidative damage. Therefore, there is a growing interest in determining the best method(s) to increase cellular glutathione for both disease prevention and treatment. This review summarizes the major strategies for successfully increasing cellular GSH stores. These include GSH itself, its derivatives, NRf-2 activators, cysteine prodrugs, foods, and special diets. The possible mechanisms by which these molecules can act as GSH boosters, their related pharmacokinetic issues, and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37237960
pii: antiox12051094
doi: 10.3390/antiox12051094
pmc: PMC10215789
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
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