Differences in Selective Attention and Inhibitory Control in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Healthy Controls Who Do Not Engage in Sufficient Physical Activity.
Beck Depression Inventory
PACINPAT trial
executive function
flanker task
inhibitory control
major depression
oddball task
sustained attention
symptom severity
Journal
Journal of clinical medicine
ISSN: 2077-0383
Titre abrégé: J Clin Med
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101606588
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 May 2023
09 May 2023
Historique:
received:
03
04
2023
revised:
03
05
2023
accepted:
05
05
2023
medline:
27
5
2023
pubmed:
27
5
2023
entrez:
27
5
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) are characterized by neurocognitive impairments and show deficits in various cognitive performance indicators, including executive function. We examined whether sustained attention and inhibitory control differ between patients with MDD and healthy controls, and whether differences exist between patients with mild, moderate, and severe depression. Clinical in-patients ( Patients with MDD showed slower reaction times in both the oddball and flanker task, independent of the executive demands of the trial types. Younger participants achieved shorter reaction times in both inhibitory control tasks. After correcting for age, education, smoking, BMI, and nationality, only differences in reaction times in the oddball task were statistically significant. In contrast, reaction times were not sensitive to the symptom severity of depression. Our results corroborate deficits in basic information processing and specific impairments in higher-order cognitive processes in MDD patients. As difficulties in executive function underlie problems in planning, initiating, and completing goal-directed activities, they may jeopardize in-patient treatment and contribute to the recurrent nature of depression.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) are characterized by neurocognitive impairments and show deficits in various cognitive performance indicators, including executive function. We examined whether sustained attention and inhibitory control differ between patients with MDD and healthy controls, and whether differences exist between patients with mild, moderate, and severe depression.
METHODS
METHODS
Clinical in-patients (
RESULTS
RESULTS
Patients with MDD showed slower reaction times in both the oddball and flanker task, independent of the executive demands of the trial types. Younger participants achieved shorter reaction times in both inhibitory control tasks. After correcting for age, education, smoking, BMI, and nationality, only differences in reaction times in the oddball task were statistically significant. In contrast, reaction times were not sensitive to the symptom severity of depression.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Our results corroborate deficits in basic information processing and specific impairments in higher-order cognitive processes in MDD patients. As difficulties in executive function underlie problems in planning, initiating, and completing goal-directed activities, they may jeopardize in-patient treatment and contribute to the recurrent nature of depression.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37240475
pii: jcm12103370
doi: 10.3390/jcm12103370
pmc: PMC10218814
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : Swiss National Science Foundation
ID : 321003B-179353
Pays : Switzerland
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