Metabolomics-Based Biomarker for Dietary Fat and Associations with Chronic Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women.
biomarker
cancer
cardiovascular disease
diabetes
dietary fat
fat density
measurement error
Journal
The Journal of nutrition
ISSN: 1541-6100
Titre abrégé: J Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0404243
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2023
09 2023
Historique:
received:
10
12
2022
revised:
02
05
2023
accepted:
23
05
2023
pmc-release:
26
05
2024
medline:
11
9
2023
pubmed:
29
5
2023
entrez:
28
5
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized, controlled Dietary Modification (DM) trial of a low-fat dietary pattern suggested intervention benefits related to breast cancer, coronary heart disease (CHD), and diabetes. Here, we use WHI observational data for further insight into the chronic disease implications of adopting this type of low-fat dietary pattern. We aimed to use our earlier work on metabolomics-based biomarkers of carbohydrate and protein to develop a fat intake biomarker by subtraction, to use the resulting biomarker to develop calibration equations that adjusts self-reported fat intake for measurement error, and to study associations of biomarker-calibrated fat intake with chronic disease risk in WHI cohorts. Corresponding studies for specific fatty acids will follow separately. Prospective disease association results are presented using WHI cohorts of postmenopausal women, aged 50-79 y when enrolled at 40 United States clinical centers. Biomarker equations were developed using an embedded human feeding study (n = 153). Calibration equations were developed using a WHI nutritional biomarker study (n = 436). Calibrated intakes were associated with cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes incidence in WHI cohorts (n = 81,954) over an approximate 20-y follow-up period. A biomarker for fat density was developed by subtracting protein, carbohydrate, and alcohol densities from one. A calibration equation was developed for fat density. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for 20% higher fat density were 1.16 (1.06, 1.27) for breast cancer, 1.13 (1.02, 1.26) for CHD, and 1.19 (1.13, 1.26) for diabetes, in substantial agreement with findings from the DM trial. With control for additional dietary variables, especially fiber, fat density was no longer associated with CHD, with hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.00 (0.88, 1.13), whereas that for breast cancer was 1.11 (1.00, 1.24). WHI observational data support prior DM trial findings of low-fat dietary pattern benefits in this population of postmenopausal United States women. This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00000611.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized, controlled Dietary Modification (DM) trial of a low-fat dietary pattern suggested intervention benefits related to breast cancer, coronary heart disease (CHD), and diabetes. Here, we use WHI observational data for further insight into the chronic disease implications of adopting this type of low-fat dietary pattern.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to use our earlier work on metabolomics-based biomarkers of carbohydrate and protein to develop a fat intake biomarker by subtraction, to use the resulting biomarker to develop calibration equations that adjusts self-reported fat intake for measurement error, and to study associations of biomarker-calibrated fat intake with chronic disease risk in WHI cohorts. Corresponding studies for specific fatty acids will follow separately.
METHODS
Prospective disease association results are presented using WHI cohorts of postmenopausal women, aged 50-79 y when enrolled at 40 United States clinical centers. Biomarker equations were developed using an embedded human feeding study (n = 153). Calibration equations were developed using a WHI nutritional biomarker study (n = 436). Calibrated intakes were associated with cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes incidence in WHI cohorts (n = 81,954) over an approximate 20-y follow-up period.
RESULTS
A biomarker for fat density was developed by subtracting protein, carbohydrate, and alcohol densities from one. A calibration equation was developed for fat density. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for 20% higher fat density were 1.16 (1.06, 1.27) for breast cancer, 1.13 (1.02, 1.26) for CHD, and 1.19 (1.13, 1.26) for diabetes, in substantial agreement with findings from the DM trial. With control for additional dietary variables, especially fiber, fat density was no longer associated with CHD, with hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.00 (0.88, 1.13), whereas that for breast cancer was 1.11 (1.00, 1.24).
CONCLUSIONS
WHI observational data support prior DM trial findings of low-fat dietary pattern benefits in this population of postmenopausal United States women.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00000611.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37245660
pii: S0022-3166(23)70114-4
doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.021
pmc: PMC10517226
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Dietary Fats
0
Biomarkers
0
Carbohydrates
0
Banques de données
ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT00000611']
Types de publication
Randomized Controlled Trial
Observational Study
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2651-2662Subventions
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : 75N92021D00001
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : S10 OD021562
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P30 CA086862
Pays : United States
Organisme : WHI NIH HHS
ID : 75N92021D00004
Pays : United States
Organisme : WHI NIH HHS
ID : 75N92021D00005
Pays : United States
Organisme : WHI NIH HHS
ID : 75N92021D00003
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R01 CA119171
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : P30 DK035816
Pays : United States
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : 75N92021D00002
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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