Responsiveness to long days for flowering is reduced in Arabidopsis by yearly variation in growing season temperatures.
FLOWERING LOCUS M (FLM)
HIGH EXPRESSION OF OSMOTICALLY RESPONSIVE GENES 1 (HOS1)
TERMINAL FLOWERING 2 (TFL2)
ambient temperature
flowering gene
photoperiod
single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
Journal
Plant, cell & environment
ISSN: 1365-3040
Titre abrégé: Plant Cell Environ
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9309004
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2023
11 2023
Historique:
revised:
08
05
2023
received:
01
11
2022
accepted:
15
05
2023
medline:
3
10
2023
pubmed:
30
5
2023
entrez:
30
5
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Conservative flowering behaviours, such as flowering during long days in summer or late flowering at a high leaf number, are often proposed to protect against variable winter and spring temperatures which lead to frost damage if premature flowering occurs. Yet, due the many factors in natural environments relative to the number of individuals compared, assessing which climate characteristics drive these flowering traits has been difficult. We applied a multidisciplinary approach to 10 winter-annual Arabidopsis thaliana populations from a wide climactic gradient in Norway. We used a variable reduction strategy to assess which of 100 climate descriptors from their home sites correlated most to their flowering behaviours when tested for responsiveness to photoperiod after saturation of vernalization; then, assessed sequence variation of 19 known environmental-response flowering genes. Photoperiod responsiveness inversely correlated with interannual variation in timing of growing season onset. Time to flowering appeared driven by growing season length, curtailed by cold fall temperatures. The distribution of FLM, TFL2 and HOS1 haplotypes, genes involved in ambient temperature response, correlated with growing-season climate. We show that long-day responsiveness and late flowering may be driven not by risk of spring frosts, but by growing season temperature and length, perhaps to opportunistically maximize growth.
Substances chimiques
Arabidopsis Proteins
0
FLM protein, Arabidopsis
0
MADS Domain Proteins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
3337-3352Subventions
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : R01 GM079712
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : K12 GM063651
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. Plant, Cell & Environment published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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