Large clones of pre-existing T cells drive early immunity against SARS-COV-2 and LCMV infection.
Biological sciences
Cell biology
Immunity
Immunology
Journal
iScience
ISSN: 2589-0042
Titre abrégé: iScience
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101724038
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
16 Jun 2023
16 Jun 2023
Historique:
received:
08
02
2023
revised:
14
04
2023
accepted:
17
05
2023
medline:
5
6
2023
pubmed:
5
6
2023
entrez:
5
6
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
T cell responses precede antibody and may provide early control of infection. We analyzed the clonal basis of this rapid response following SARS-COV-2 infection. We applied T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing to define the trajectories of individual T cell clones immediately. In SARS-COV-2 PCR+ individuals, a wave of TCRs strongly but transiently expand, frequently peaking the same week as the first positive PCR test. These expanding TCR CDR3s were enriched for sequences functionally annotated as SARS-COV-2 specific. Epitopes recognized by the expanding TCRs were highly conserved between SARS-COV-2 strains but not with circulating human coronaviruses. Many expanding CDR3s were present at high frequency in pre-pandemic repertoires. Early response TCRs specific for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus epitopes were also found at high frequency in the preinfection naive repertoire. High-frequency naive precursors may allow the T cell response to respond rapidly during the crucial early phases of acute viral infection.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37275518
doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106937
pii: S2589-0042(23)01014-3
pmc: PMC10201888
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
106937Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Author(s).
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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