Large clones of pre-existing T cells drive early immunity against SARS-COV-2 and LCMV infection.

Biological sciences Cell biology Immunity Immunology

Journal

iScience
ISSN: 2589-0042
Titre abrégé: iScience
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101724038

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
16 Jun 2023
Historique:
received: 08 02 2023
revised: 14 04 2023
accepted: 17 05 2023
medline: 5 6 2023
pubmed: 5 6 2023
entrez: 5 6 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

T cell responses precede antibody and may provide early control of infection. We analyzed the clonal basis of this rapid response following SARS-COV-2 infection. We applied T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing to define the trajectories of individual T cell clones immediately. In SARS-COV-2 PCR+ individuals, a wave of TCRs strongly but transiently expand, frequently peaking the same week as the first positive PCR test. These expanding TCR CDR3s were enriched for sequences functionally annotated as SARS-COV-2 specific. Epitopes recognized by the expanding TCRs were highly conserved between SARS-COV-2 strains but not with circulating human coronaviruses. Many expanding CDR3s were present at high frequency in pre-pandemic repertoires. Early response TCRs specific for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus epitopes were also found at high frequency in the preinfection naive repertoire. High-frequency naive precursors may allow the T cell response to respond rapidly during the crucial early phases of acute viral infection.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37275518
doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106937
pii: S2589-0042(23)01014-3
pmc: PMC10201888
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

106937

Informations de copyright

© 2023 The Author(s).

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Auteurs

Martina Milighetti (M)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Yanchun Peng (Y)

MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Cedric Tan (C)

UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Michal Mark (M)

Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.

Gayathri Nageswaran (G)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Suzanne Byrne (S)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Tahel Ronel (T)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Tom Peacock (T)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Andreas Mayer (A)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Aneesh Chandran (A)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Joshua Rosenheim (J)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Matthew Whelan (M)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Xuan Yao (X)

Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Guihai Liu (G)

Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Suet Ling Felce (SL)

Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Tao Dong (T)

MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Alexander J Mentzer (AJ)

Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Julian C Knight (JC)

Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Francois Balloux (F)

UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Erez Greenstein (E)

Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.

Shlomit Reich-Zeliger (S)

Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.

Corinna Pade (C)

Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.

Joseph M Gibbons (JM)

Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.

Amanda Semper (A)

UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK.

Tim Brooks (T)

UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK.

Ashley Otter (A)

UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK.

Daniel M Altmann (DM)

Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK.

Rosemary J Boyton (RJ)

Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
Lung Division, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Mala K Maini (MK)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Aine McKnight (A)

Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.

Charlotte Manisty (C)

Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Thomas A Treibel (TA)

Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

James C Moon (JC)

Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Mahdad Noursadeghi (M)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Benny Chain (B)

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Classifications MeSH