Multipotent fetal stem cells in reproductive biology research.
Fetal stem cells
Fetomaternal microchimerism
Gametogenesis
Germ cells
Multipotency
Reproductive system disease
Stem cell therapy
Journal
Stem cell research & therapy
ISSN: 1757-6512
Titre abrégé: Stem Cell Res Ther
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101527581
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 06 2023
07 06 2023
Historique:
received:
06
01
2023
accepted:
16
05
2023
medline:
9
6
2023
pubmed:
8
6
2023
entrez:
7
6
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Due to the limited accessibility of the in vivo situation, the scarcity of the human tissue, legal constraints, and ethical considerations, the underlying molecular mechanisms of disorders, such as preeclampsia, the pathological consequences of fetomaternal microchimerism, or infertility, are still not fully understood. And although substantial progress has already been made, the therapeutic strategies for reproductive system diseases are still facing limitations. In the recent years, it became more and more evident that stem cells are powerful tools for basic research in human reproduction and stem cell-based approaches moved into the center of endeavors to establish new clinical concepts. Multipotent fetal stem cells derived from the amniotic fluid, amniotic membrane, chorion leave, Wharton´s jelly, or placenta came to the fore because they are easy to acquire, are not associated with ethical concerns or covered by strict legal restrictions, and can be banked for autologous utilization later in life. Compared to adult stem cells, they exhibit a significantly higher differentiation potential and are much easier to propagate in vitro. Compared to pluripotent stem cells, they harbor less mutations, are not tumorigenic, and exhibit low immunogenicity. Studies on multipotent fetal stem cells can be invaluable to gain knowledge on the development of dysfunctional fetal cell types, to characterize the fetal stem cells migrating into the body of a pregnant woman in the context of fetomaternal microchimerism, and to obtain a more comprehensive picture of germ cell development in the course of in vitro differentiation experiments. The in vivo transplantation of fetal stem cells or their paracrine factors can mediate therapeutic effects in preeclampsia and can restore reproductive organ functions. Together with the use of fetal stem cell-derived gametes, such strategies could once help individuals, who do not develop functional gametes, to conceive genetically related children. Although there is still a long way to go, these developments regarding the usage of multipotent fetal stem cells in the clinic should continuously be accompanied by a wide and detailed ethical discussion.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37287077
doi: 10.1186/s13287-023-03379-4
pii: 10.1186/s13287-023-03379-4
pmc: PMC10249329
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
157Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s).
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