Preparation of multivesicular liposomes for the loco-regional delivery of Vancomycin hydrochloride using active loading method: drug release and antimicrobial properties.

Over the last few years, among controlled-release delivery systems, multivesicular liposomes (MVLs) have attracted attention due to their unique benefits as a loco-regional drug delivery system. Considering the clinical limitations of the current treatment strategies for osteomyelitis, MVLs can be a suitable carrier for the local delivery of effective antibiotics. This study aimed to prepare vancomycin hydrochloride (VAN HL) loaded MVLs using the active loading method which to the best of our knowledge has not been previously reported. Empty MVLS were prepared by the double emulsion (w/o/w) method and VAN HL was loaded into the prepared liposomes by the ammonium gradient method. After full characterization, the release profile of VAN HL from MVLs was assessed at two different pH values (5.5 and 7.4), and compared with the release profile of the free drug and also passively loaded MVLs.