Wherever I may roam-Human activity alters movements of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and elk (Cervus canadensis) across two continents.
Anthropocene
Cervus spp.
human footprint
migratory ungulates
movement expression
wildlife
Journal
Global change biology
ISSN: 1365-2486
Titre abrégé: Glob Chang Biol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9888746
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2023
10 2023
Historique:
revised:
29
03
2023
received:
22
10
2022
accepted:
02
04
2023
medline:
20
9
2023
pubmed:
12
6
2023
entrez:
12
6
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Human activity and associated landscape modifications alter the movements of animals with consequences for populations and ecosystems worldwide. Species performing long-distance movements are thought to be particularly sensitive to human impact. Despite the increasing anthropogenic pressure, it remains challenging to understand and predict animals' responses to human activity. Here we address this knowledge gap using 1206 Global Positioning System movement trajectories of 815 individuals from 14 red deer (Cervus elaphus) and 14 elk (Cervus canadensis) populations spanning wide environmental gradients, namely the latitudinal range from the Alps to Scandinavia in Europe, and the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem in North America. We measured individual-level movements relative to the environmental context, or movement expression, using the standardized metric Intensity of Use, reflecting both the directionality and extent of movements. We expected movement expression to be affected by resource (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) predictability and topography, but those factors to be superseded by human impact. Red deer and elk movement expression varied along a continuum, from highly segmented trajectories over relatively small areas (high intensity of use), to directed transitions through restricted corridors (low intensity of use). Human activity (Human Footprint Index, HFI) was the strongest driver of movement expression, with a steep increase in Intensity of Use as HFI increased, but only until a threshold was reached. After exceeding this level of impact, the Intensity of Use remained unchanged. These results indicate the overall sensitivity of Cervus movement expression to human activity and suggest a limitation of plastic responses under high human pressure, despite the species also occurring in human-dominated landscapes. Our work represents the first comparison of metric-based movement expression across widely distributed populations of a deer genus, contributing to the understanding and prediction of animals' responses to human activity.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
5788-5801Subventions
Organisme : Ågerups & Elsagårdens Säteri AB
Organisme : Assmåsa Gods AB
Organisme : Carl Piper
Organisme : Danish Forest and Nature Agency
ID : Wildlife & Landscape Research Package-project 2B
Organisme : Ersaf Lombardia and Trento
Organisme : Fondazione Edmund Mach
Organisme : Grand Teton Association
Organisme : Halmstad University
Organisme : Högestad & Christinehofs Förvaltnings AB
Organisme : Holmen Skog AB
Organisme : International Research School of Applied Ecology
Organisme : Ittur AB
Organisme : Karl-Erik Önnesjös Stiftelse för Vetenskaplig forskning och Utveckling
Organisme : Kolmårdens insamlingsstiftelse/Tåby Allmänning
Organisme : Marie-Claire Cronstedts Stiftelse
Organisme : Office Français de la Biodiversité
Organisme : Public Service of Wallonia
Organisme : Region Skåne / Stiftelsen Skånska Landskap
Organisme : Stelvio National Park
Organisme : Stiftelsen Oscar och Lili Lamms Minne
Organisme : Sveaskog
Organisme : Swedish Association for Hunting and Wildlife Management
ID : 5871/2005
Organisme : Swedish Environmental Protection Agency
ID : 802-0092-11
Organisme : Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Organisme : Università degli Studi di Trento
Organisme : University of California Berkeley
Organisme : Vectronic Aerospace GmbH
Organisme : Virå Bruk AB
Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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