Systematic approaches to C-lignin engineering in Medicago truncatula.

C-lignin Co-product Hairy roots Medicago truncatula Metabolic engineering Transgenic plants

Journal

Biotechnology for biofuels and bioproducts
ISSN: 2731-3654
Titre abrégé: Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9918300888906676

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
12 Jun 2023
Historique:
received: 29 12 2022
accepted: 10 05 2023
medline: 13 6 2023
pubmed: 13 6 2023
entrez: 12 6 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

C-lignin is a homopolymer of caffeyl alcohol present in the seed coats of a variety of plant species including vanilla orchid, various cacti, and the ornamental plant Cleome hassleriana. Because of its unique chemical and physical properties, there is considerable interest in engineering C-lignin into the cell walls of bioenergy crops as a high-value co-product of bioprocessing. We have used information from a transcriptomic analysis of developing C. hassleriana seed coats to suggest strategies for engineering C-lignin in a heterologous system, using hairy roots of the model legume Medicago truncatula. We systematically tested strategies for C-lignin engineering using a combination of gene overexpression and RNAi-mediated knockdown in the caffeic acid/5-hydroxy coniferaldehyde 3/5-O-methyltransferase (comt) mutant background, monitoring the outcomes by analysis of lignin composition and profiling of monolignol pathway metabolites. In all cases, C-lignin accumulation required strong down-regulation of caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) paired with loss of function of COMT. Overexpression of the Selaginella moellendorffii ferulate 5-hydroxylase (SmF5H) gene in comt mutant hairy roots resulted in lines that unexpectedly accumulated high levels of S-lignin. C-Lignin accumulation of up to 15% of total lignin in lines with the greatest reduction in CCoAOMT expression required the strong down-regulation of both COMT and CCoAOMT, but did not require expression of a heterologous laccase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) or cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR) with preference for 3,4-dihydroxy-substituted substrates in M. truncatula hairy roots. Cell wall fractionation studies suggested that the engineered C-units are not present in a heteropolymer with the bulk of the G-lignin.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
C-lignin is a homopolymer of caffeyl alcohol present in the seed coats of a variety of plant species including vanilla orchid, various cacti, and the ornamental plant Cleome hassleriana. Because of its unique chemical and physical properties, there is considerable interest in engineering C-lignin into the cell walls of bioenergy crops as a high-value co-product of bioprocessing. We have used information from a transcriptomic analysis of developing C. hassleriana seed coats to suggest strategies for engineering C-lignin in a heterologous system, using hairy roots of the model legume Medicago truncatula.
RESULTS RESULTS
We systematically tested strategies for C-lignin engineering using a combination of gene overexpression and RNAi-mediated knockdown in the caffeic acid/5-hydroxy coniferaldehyde 3/5-O-methyltransferase (comt) mutant background, monitoring the outcomes by analysis of lignin composition and profiling of monolignol pathway metabolites. In all cases, C-lignin accumulation required strong down-regulation of caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) paired with loss of function of COMT. Overexpression of the Selaginella moellendorffii ferulate 5-hydroxylase (SmF5H) gene in comt mutant hairy roots resulted in lines that unexpectedly accumulated high levels of S-lignin.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
C-Lignin accumulation of up to 15% of total lignin in lines with the greatest reduction in CCoAOMT expression required the strong down-regulation of both COMT and CCoAOMT, but did not require expression of a heterologous laccase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) or cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR) with preference for 3,4-dihydroxy-substituted substrates in M. truncatula hairy roots. Cell wall fractionation studies suggested that the engineered C-units are not present in a heteropolymer with the bulk of the G-lignin.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37308891
doi: 10.1186/s13068-023-02339-7
pii: 10.1186/s13068-023-02339-7
pmc: PMC10262568
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

100

Subventions

Organisme : U.S. Department of Energy
ID : Center for Bioenergy Innovation

Informations de copyright

© 2023. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Chan Man Ha (CM)

BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311428, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA.
Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.

Luis Escamilla-Trevino (L)

BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311428, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA.

Chunliu Zhuo (C)

BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311428, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA.
Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.

Yunqiao Pu (Y)

Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.

Nathan Bryant (N)

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.

Arthur J Ragauskas (AJ)

Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.

Xirong Xiao (X)

BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311428, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA.
Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.

Ying Li (Y)

BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311428, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA.

Fang Chen (F)

BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311428, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA.
Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.

Richard A Dixon (RA)

BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311428, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA. Richard.Dixon@unt.edu.
Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. Richard.Dixon@unt.edu.

Classifications MeSH