Associations Between Physical Activity and Gastrointestinal Transit Times in People with Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obesity.

colonic transit gastric emptying gastrointestinal transit physical activity small intestinal transit

Journal

The Journal of nutrition
ISSN: 1541-6100
Titre abrégé: J Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0404243

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
12 Jun 2023
Historique:
received: 17 11 2022
revised: 09 05 2023
accepted: 06 06 2023
pubmed: 15 6 2023
medline: 15 6 2023
entrez: 14 6 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Rapid gastric emptying is associated with obesity and overeating, whereas delayed gastric emptying is associated with anorexia. Acute effects of exercise on gastric emptying have been investigated extensively, but the influence of habitual physical activity on gastric emptying and transit time in other regions of the gastrointestinal tract is poorly understood. The objective was to investigate associations between objectively measured habitual physical activity and gastrointestinal transit times in adults with varying degrees of adiposity. 50 adults (58% women) were included in this cross-sectional study. Physical activity was measured by an accelerometer placed on the lower back for 7 d. Gastric emptying time, small bowel transit time, colonic transit time, and whole gut transit time were simultaneously evaluated by a wireless motility capsule, which was ingested together with a standardized mixed meal. Linear regression models were applied to assess the associations of total activity counts and time spent at different intensities-sedentary activity (0-100 counts/min), low light activity (101-759 counts/min), high light activity (760-1951 counts/min); moderate and vigorous activity (≥1952 counts/min)) with gastrointestinal transit times. Median [Q1; Q3] age was 56.5 [46.6-65.5] y, and body mass index (BMI) was 32.1 [28.5-35.1] kg/m More time spent on physical activity at high light intensity was associated with more rapid colonic and whole gut transit time, independent of age, sex, and body fat, whereas other intensities of physical activity and gastrointestinal transit times were not associated. Clinicaltrials.gov IDs (NCT03894670, NCT03854656).

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Rapid gastric emptying is associated with obesity and overeating, whereas delayed gastric emptying is associated with anorexia. Acute effects of exercise on gastric emptying have been investigated extensively, but the influence of habitual physical activity on gastric emptying and transit time in other regions of the gastrointestinal tract is poorly understood.
OBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
The objective was to investigate associations between objectively measured habitual physical activity and gastrointestinal transit times in adults with varying degrees of adiposity.
METHODS METHODS
50 adults (58% women) were included in this cross-sectional study. Physical activity was measured by an accelerometer placed on the lower back for 7 d. Gastric emptying time, small bowel transit time, colonic transit time, and whole gut transit time were simultaneously evaluated by a wireless motility capsule, which was ingested together with a standardized mixed meal. Linear regression models were applied to assess the associations of total activity counts and time spent at different intensities-sedentary activity (0-100 counts/min), low light activity (101-759 counts/min), high light activity (760-1951 counts/min); moderate and vigorous activity (≥1952 counts/min)) with gastrointestinal transit times.
RESULTS RESULTS
Median [Q1; Q3] age was 56.5 [46.6-65.5] y, and body mass index (BMI) was 32.1 [28.5-35.1] kg/m
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
More time spent on physical activity at high light intensity was associated with more rapid colonic and whole gut transit time, independent of age, sex, and body fat, whereas other intensities of physical activity and gastrointestinal transit times were not associated.
TRIAL REGISTRATION BACKGROUND
Clinicaltrials.gov IDs (NCT03894670, NCT03854656).

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.06.005 PMID: 37315794
pubmed: 37315794
pii: S0022-3166(23)72411-5
doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.06.005
pii:
doi:

Banques de données

ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT03854656', 'NCT03894670']

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Marie M Jensen (MM)

Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.

Hanne E Pedersen (HE)

Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.

Kim K B Clemmensen (KKB)

Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.

Trine S Ekblond (TS)

Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.

Mathias Ried-Larsen (M)

the Center of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Center for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark; Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.

Kristine Færch (K)

Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Christina Brock (C)

Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center North Jutland, Aalborg, Denmark.

Jonas S Quist (JS)

Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. Electronic address: jonas.salling.quist@regionh.dk.

Classifications MeSH