Protocol for mapping of the supplementary motor area using repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation.
brain mapping
preoperative planning
rTMS
somatotopy
supplementary motor area
Journal
Frontiers in neuroscience
ISSN: 1662-4548
Titre abrégé: Front Neurosci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101478481
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
received:
13
03
2023
accepted:
19
05
2023
medline:
19
6
2023
pubmed:
19
6
2023
entrez:
19
6
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Damage to the supplementary motor area (SMA) can lead to impairments of motor and language function. A detailed preoperative mapping of functional boarders of the SMA could therefore aid preoperative diagnostics in these patients. The aim of this study was the development of a repetitive nTMS protocol for non-invasive functional mapping of the SMA while assuring effects are caused by SMA rather than M1 activation. The SMA in the dominant hemisphere of 12 healthy subjects (28.2 ± 7.7 years, 6 females) was mapped using repetitive nTMS at 20 Hz (120% RMT), while subjects performed a finger tapping task. Reductions in finger taps were classified in three error categories (≤15% = no errors, 15-30% = mild, >30% significant). The location and category of induced errors was marked in each subject's individual MRI. Effects of SMA stimulation were then directly compared to effects of M1 stimulation in four different tasks (finger tapping, writing, line tracing, targeting circles). Mapping of the SMA was possible for all subjects, yet effect sizes varied. Stimulation of the SMA led to a significant reduction of finger taps compared to baseline (BL: 45taps, SMA: 35.5taps; Mapping of the SMA using repetitive nTMS is feasible. While errors induced in the SMA are not entirely independent of M1, disruption of the SMA induces functionally distinct errors. These error maps can aid preoperative diagnostics in patients with SMA related lesions.
Sections du résumé
Background
UNASSIGNED
Damage to the supplementary motor area (SMA) can lead to impairments of motor and language function. A detailed preoperative mapping of functional boarders of the SMA could therefore aid preoperative diagnostics in these patients.
Objective
UNASSIGNED
The aim of this study was the development of a repetitive nTMS protocol for non-invasive functional mapping of the SMA while assuring effects are caused by SMA rather than M1 activation.
Methods
UNASSIGNED
The SMA in the dominant hemisphere of 12 healthy subjects (28.2 ± 7.7 years, 6 females) was mapped using repetitive nTMS at 20 Hz (120% RMT), while subjects performed a finger tapping task. Reductions in finger taps were classified in three error categories (≤15% = no errors, 15-30% = mild, >30% significant). The location and category of induced errors was marked in each subject's individual MRI. Effects of SMA stimulation were then directly compared to effects of M1 stimulation in four different tasks (finger tapping, writing, line tracing, targeting circles).
Results
UNASSIGNED
Mapping of the SMA was possible for all subjects, yet effect sizes varied. Stimulation of the SMA led to a significant reduction of finger taps compared to baseline (BL: 45taps, SMA: 35.5taps;
Conclusion
UNASSIGNED
Mapping of the SMA using repetitive nTMS is feasible. While errors induced in the SMA are not entirely independent of M1, disruption of the SMA induces functionally distinct errors. These error maps can aid preoperative diagnostics in patients with SMA related lesions.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37332876
doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1185483
pmc: PMC10272366
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
1185483Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Engelhardt, Kern, Karhu and Picht.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Références
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2020 Feb;162(2):407-416
pubmed: 31768755
J Neurosurg. 2017 Apr;126(4):1181-1190
pubmed: 27315027
Brain Lang. 2018 Aug;183:41-46
pubmed: 29783125
J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2020 Mar;81(2):147-154
pubmed: 32045942
Neurosurgery. 2017 Jul 1;81(1):99-110
pubmed: 28327949
J Clin Neurophysiol. 2020 Mar;37(2):140-149
pubmed: 30334832
J Neurosurg. 2022 Dec 2;:1-10
pubmed: 36461815
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Nov 6;109(45):18565-70
pubmed: 23086164
J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2015 Nov;76(6):508-12
pubmed: 26291886
Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2014;54(7):511-20
pubmed: 24305024
Neuroimage. 2017 Dec;163:34-40
pubmed: 28899743
J Neurosurg. 1996 Oct;85(4):542-9
pubmed: 8814153
Handb Clin Neurol. 2019;163:73-92
pubmed: 31590749
Eur J Neurosci. 1998 Jun;10(6):2199-203
pubmed: 9753106
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008 Nov;9(11):856-69
pubmed: 18843271
Sci Rep. 2019 Nov 28;9(1):17744
pubmed: 31780823
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2019 Sep;161(9):1845-1851
pubmed: 31286238
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2017 Jul;159(7):1187-1195
pubmed: 28456870
J Neuroimaging. 2019 Jul;29(4):521-526
pubmed: 31034698
J Neural Eng. 2022 Dec 16;19(6):
pubmed: 36541458
Br J Neurosurg. 2000 Jun;14(3):204-10
pubmed: 10912196
Nat Commun. 2018 Jul 16;9(1):2754
pubmed: 30013188
Neuropsychologia. 2019 Jun;129:141-145
pubmed: 30930302
Clin Neurophysiol. 2016 Mar;127(3):1895-900
pubmed: 26762952