Bioaccessibility by perspiration uptake of minerals from two different sulfurous peloids.
Artificial perspiration
Clays
Mineral-medicinal water
Peloids
Transdermal delivery
Journal
Environmental geochemistry and health
ISSN: 1573-2983
Titre abrégé: Environ Geochem Health
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8903118
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Aug 2023
Aug 2023
Historique:
received:
03
03
2023
accepted:
31
05
2023
medline:
7
8
2023
pubmed:
21
6
2023
entrez:
21
6
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The risks associated with the use of peloids in thermal centers, spas, or at home, must be tested to develop appropriate safety guidelines for peloids formulations and the release of substances of high concern. Additionally, the beneficial effects of some elements on human health should be assessed to aid in interpreting the therapeutic action and effectiveness of pelotherapy on dermatological or osteomuscular disorders. Therefore, a methodology was developed to better understand the biogeochemical behavior of the elements in formulated peloids. Two peloids were formulated with the same clay and two different sulfurous mineral-medicinal waters for 90 days, with light stirring every 15 days. Bentonite clay, with a high content of smectite and Ca and Mg as the main exchangeable cations, and high heat capacity, was used. The selected mineral-medicinal waters were collected from two Portuguese thermal centers with recognized therapeutic efficacy for rheumatic, respiratory and dermatological pathologies. The peloids were used without drying and withdrawn directly from the maturation tank, and a mixture of bentonite and demineralized water was prepared as a reference sample. A stabilized, ready-to-use, artificial perspiration test was used to simulate the peloids' interaction with skin. Thirty-one elements extracted from the two prepared peloids were analyzed using ICP-MS. The data were analyzed and related to the mineralogical composition of the original clay and supernatant composition of the maturation tanks. The content of some potentially toxic elements and metals' bioaccessibility by perspiration showed very low solubility and undetectable amounts extracted from the studied samples. This analytical method provided reliable information on dermal exposure and the identification of some elements that may enter the systemic circulation, requiring implementation of surveillance and control measures.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37341890
doi: 10.1007/s10653-023-01639-z
pii: 10.1007/s10653-023-01639-z
pmc: PMC10403450
doi:
Substances chimiques
Bentonite
1302-78-9
Clay
T1FAD4SS2M
Minerals
0
Sulfur
70FD1KFU70
Mineral Waters
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
6621-6641Subventions
Organisme : Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
ID : SFRH/BDE/11062/2015
Organisme : Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
ID : UIDB/04035/2020
Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s).
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