Sequencing of monkeypox virus from infected patients reveals viral genomes with APOBEC3-like editing, gene inactivation, and bacterial agents of skin superinfection.
2022 outbreak
APOBEC
genome
human
monkeypox virus
mutation
next-generation sequencing
Journal
Journal of medical virology
ISSN: 1096-9071
Titre abrégé: J Med Virol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7705876
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2023
06 2023
Historique:
revised:
12
04
2023
received:
27
09
2022
accepted:
08
05
2023
medline:
23
6
2023
pubmed:
21
6
2023
entrez:
21
6
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
A large outbreak of Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections has arisen in May 2022 in nonendemic countries. Here, we performed DNA metagenomics using next-generation sequencing with Illumina or Nanopore technologies for clinical samples from MPXV-infected patients diagnosed between June and July 2022. Classification of the MPXV genomes and determination of their mutational patterns were performed using Nextclade. Twenty-five samples from 25 patients were studied. A MPXV genome was obtained for 18 patients, essentially from skin lesions and rectal swabbing. All 18 genomes were classified in clade IIb, lineage B.1, and we identified four B.1 sublineages (B.1.1, B.1.10, B.1.12, B.1.14). We detected a high number of mutations (range, 64-73) relatively to a 2018 Nigerian genome (genome GenBank Accession no. NC_063383.1), which were harbored by a large part of a set of 3184 MPXV genomes of lineage B.1 recovered from GenBank and Nextstrain; and we detected 35 mutations relatively to genome ON563414.3 (a B.1 lineage reference genome). Nonsynonymous mutations occurred in genes encoding central proteins, among which transcription factors and core and envelope proteins, and included two mutations that would truncate a RNA polymerase subunit and a phospholipase d-like protein, suggesting an alternative start codon and gene inactivation, respectively. A large majority (94%) of nucleotide substitutions were G > A or C > U, suggesting the action of human APOBEC3 enzymes. Finally, >1000 reads were identified as from Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes for 3 and 6 samples, respectively. These findings warrant a close genomic monitoring of MPXV to get a better picture of the genetic micro-evolution and mutational patterns of this virus, and a close clinical monitoring of skin bacterial superinfection in monkeypox patients.
Substances chimiques
APOBEC3 proteins, human
EC 3.5.4.5
APOBEC Deaminases
EC 3.5.4.5
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e28799Informations de copyright
© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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