The specialized competency framework for community pharmacists (SCF-CP) in Lebanon: validation and evaluation of the revised version.
Community pharmacy
Framework
Lebanon
Pharmacist
Specialized competency
Journal
Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice
ISSN: 2052-3211
Titre abrégé: J Pharm Policy Pract
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101627192
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
21 Jun 2023
21 Jun 2023
Historique:
received:
21
03
2023
accepted:
13
06
2023
medline:
22
6
2023
pubmed:
22
6
2023
entrez:
21
6
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
In the absence of similar studies in Lebanon, this study aimed at upgrading and validating the Lebanese specialized competencies framework for community pharmacists (SCF-CP) as a tool to transform community practice and support the professional development and career progression of community pharmacists. Content validity was assessed and improved through a team of experts. After a thorough literature review and utilizing the Delphi technique, six domains were defined in the framework, with their respective competencies and behaviors. A cross-sectional study was then carried out from March to October 2022 using an online questionnaire created on Google Forms. The snowball technique was applied to reach community pharmacists across all the Lebanese governorates. The final sample included 512 community pharmacists. The construct validity of the framework was confirmed by factor analysis. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measures of sampling adequacy were satisfactory for all models ranging from 0.500 to 0.956 with a significant Bartlett's test of sphericity (P < 0.001). The internal consistency of all competency domains was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha, with values ranging from 0.803 to 0.953. All competencies were significantly correlated with their respective domains (P < 0.001), and all domains were significantly correlated with each other and with the framework (P < 0.001). The participants declared being competent in all domains relating to fundamental skills, safe and rational use of medicines, pharmacy management, professional skills, public health fundamentals, and emergency preparedness and response, with some exceptions, such as compounding, management, and emergency preparedness. A higher declared competency level was associated with having more experience and receiving more than 50 patients per day. Our findings could demonstrate that the Lebanese specialized competency framework is a valid and reliable tool. This framework could help assess the minimum competencies that community pharmacists should possess or acquire and direct initial and continuing education for better practice. Hence, it could be adopted by the authorities and implemented in the Lebanese community pharmacy setting.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
In the absence of similar studies in Lebanon, this study aimed at upgrading and validating the Lebanese specialized competencies framework for community pharmacists (SCF-CP) as a tool to transform community practice and support the professional development and career progression of community pharmacists.
METHODS
METHODS
Content validity was assessed and improved through a team of experts. After a thorough literature review and utilizing the Delphi technique, six domains were defined in the framework, with their respective competencies and behaviors. A cross-sectional study was then carried out from March to October 2022 using an online questionnaire created on Google Forms. The snowball technique was applied to reach community pharmacists across all the Lebanese governorates.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The final sample included 512 community pharmacists. The construct validity of the framework was confirmed by factor analysis. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measures of sampling adequacy were satisfactory for all models ranging from 0.500 to 0.956 with a significant Bartlett's test of sphericity (P < 0.001). The internal consistency of all competency domains was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha, with values ranging from 0.803 to 0.953. All competencies were significantly correlated with their respective domains (P < 0.001), and all domains were significantly correlated with each other and with the framework (P < 0.001). The participants declared being competent in all domains relating to fundamental skills, safe and rational use of medicines, pharmacy management, professional skills, public health fundamentals, and emergency preparedness and response, with some exceptions, such as compounding, management, and emergency preparedness. A higher declared competency level was associated with having more experience and receiving more than 50 patients per day.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings could demonstrate that the Lebanese specialized competency framework is a valid and reliable tool. This framework could help assess the minimum competencies that community pharmacists should possess or acquire and direct initial and continuing education for better practice. Hence, it could be adopted by the authorities and implemented in the Lebanese community pharmacy setting.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37344915
doi: 10.1186/s40545-023-00585-6
pii: 10.1186/s40545-023-00585-6
pmc: PMC10283199
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
77Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s).
Références
Pharmacy (Basel). 2018 Mar 16;6(1):
pubmed: 29547577
J Clin Pharm Ther. 1994 Feb;19(1):57-60
pubmed: 8188792
Int J Pharm Pract. 2021 Dec 4;29(6):598-604
pubmed: 34562077
Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2015 Apr 1;72(7):573-7
pubmed: 25788512
Pharmacy (Basel). 2019 May 20;7(2):
pubmed: 31137532
J Clin Pharmacol. 2015 Aug;55(8):936-43
pubmed: 25810359
Am J Pharm Educ. 2006 Apr 15;70(2):42
pubmed: 17149421
Int J Pharm Pract. 2021 Feb 10;29(1):12-20
pubmed: 32881173
Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2022 Oct;14(10):1256-1268
pubmed: 36280556
Am J Pharm Educ. 2016 Jun 25;80(5):88
pubmed: 27402991
J Drug Assess. 2019 Jan 05;8(1):13-20
pubmed: 30729064
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2015 Mar-Apr;11(2):163-75
pubmed: 25681299
Pharm Pract (Granada). 2021 Oct-Dec;19(4):2565
pubmed: 35474647
BMC Health Serv Res. 2021 Feb 16;21(1):151
pubmed: 33593336
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2020 Mar;16(3):396-404
pubmed: 31324568
Hum Resour Health. 2020 Feb 21;18(1):15
pubmed: 32085739
Pharm Pract (Granada). 2022 Apr-Jun;20(2):2653
pubmed: 35919798
Health Policy. 2015 May;119(5):628-39
pubmed: 25747809
Hum Resour Health. 2018 Apr 2;16(1):16
pubmed: 29606133
Patient Educ Couns. 2015 Jan;98(1):102-10
pubmed: 25448313
Am J Pharm Educ. 2012 Mar 12;76(2):23
pubmed: 22438595
Pharm Pract (Granada). 2020 Oct-Dec;18(4):2141
pubmed: 33343773
J Pharm Technol. 2022 Jun;38(3):183-190
pubmed: 35600283
J Pharm Policy Pract. 2021 Dec 6;14(1):103
pubmed: 34872605
J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2016 Summer;36(3):144-50
pubmed: 27583989
BMC Health Serv Res. 2019 Jul 16;19(1):493
pubmed: 31311537
J Pharm Pract. 2022 Apr;35(2):332-339
pubmed: 33084476
Vojnosanit Pregl. 2016 Sep;73(9):803-10
pubmed: 29320143
Pharm Pract (Granada). 2018 Apr-Jun;16(2):1159
pubmed: 30023023
Pharmacy (Basel). 2021 May 04;9(2):
pubmed: 34064467
Prev Chronic Dis. 2020 Sep 24;17:E113
pubmed: 32975507
Am J Pharm Educ. 2019 Nov;83(9):7520
pubmed: 31871362
Pharmacotherapy. 2017 May;37(5):630-636
pubmed: 28464300
Pharm Pract (Granada). 2020 Apr-Jun;18(2):1844
pubmed: 32566046
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021 Jan;17(1):1967-1977
pubmed: 32389631
Am J Pharm Educ. 2016 Oct 25;80(8):134
pubmed: 27899830
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021 Apr;17(4):771-785
pubmed: 32739247
Hum Resour Health. 2009 Jun 05;7:45
pubmed: 19500351
Indian J Pharm Sci. 2010 Sep;72(5):557-63
pubmed: 21694985
J Eval Clin Pract. 2019 Apr;25(2):323-339
pubmed: 30592116
Am J Pharm Educ. 2008 Dec 15;72(6):127
pubmed: 19325947