The potential of phenothiazinium dyes as cytotoxicity markers in cisplatin-treated cells.
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
23 06 2023
23 06 2023
Historique:
received:
08
03
2023
accepted:
08
06
2023
medline:
26
6
2023
pubmed:
24
6
2023
entrez:
23
6
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Assessing the in vitro toxicity of compounds on cell cultures is an important step during the screening of candidate molecules for diverse applications. Among the strategies employed to determine cytotoxicity, MTT, neutral red, and resazurin are commonly used. Methylene blue (MB), a phenothiazinium salt, has several uses, such as dye, redox indicator, and even as treatment for human disease and health conditions, such as malaria and methemoglobinemia. However, MB has only been sparsely used as a cellular toxicity indicator. As a viability indicator, MB is mostly applied to fixed cultures at high concentrations, especially when compared to MTT or neutral red. Here we show that MB and its related compounds new methylene blue (NMB), toluidine blue O (TBO), and dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) can be used as cytotoxicity indicators in live (non-fixed) cells treated for 72 h with DMSO and cisplatin. We compared dye uptake between phenothiazinium dyes and neutral red by analyzing supernatant and cell content via visible spectra scanning and microscopy. All dyes showed a similar ability to assess cell toxicity compared to either MTT or neutral red. Our method represents a cost-effective alternative to in vitro cytotoxicity assays using cisplatin or DMSO, indicating the potential of phenothiazinium dyes for the screening of candidate drugs and other applications.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37353536
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-36721-0
pii: 10.1038/s41598-023-36721-0
pmc: PMC10290130
doi:
Substances chimiques
Coloring Agents
0
Phenothiazines
0
Cisplatin
Q20Q21Q62J
Neutral Red
261QK3SSBH
Dimethyl Sulfoxide
YOW8V9698H
Methylene Blue
T42P99266K
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
10203Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s).
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