European Association of Urology Biochemical Recurrence Risk Classification as a Decision Tool for Salvage Radiotherapy-A Multicenter Study.

Biochemical recurrence European Association of Urology biochemical recurrence risk classification Oncologic outcomes Salvage radiotherapy

Journal

European urology
ISSN: 1873-7560
Titre abrégé: Eur Urol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 7512719

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
22 Jun 2023
Historique:
received: 08 11 2022
revised: 04 05 2023
accepted: 26 05 2023
medline: 25 6 2023
pubmed: 25 6 2023
entrez: 24 6 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

The European Association of Urology (EAU) has proposed a risk stratification for patients harboring biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP). To assess whether this risk stratification helps in choosing patients for salvage radiotherapy (SRT). Analyses of 2379 patients who developed BCR after RP (1989-2020), within ten European high-volume centers, were conducted. Early and late SRT were defined as SRT delivered at prostate-specific antigen values <0.5 and ≥0.5 ng/ml, respectively. Multivariable Cox models tested the effect of SRT versus no SRT on death and cancer-specific death. The Simon-Makuch method tested for survival differences within each risk group. Overall, 805 and 1574 patients were classified as having EAU low- and high-risk BCR. The median follow-up was 54 mo after BCR for survivors. For low-risk BCR, 12-yr overall survival was 87% versus 78% (p = 0.2) and cancer-specific survival was 100% versus 96% (p = 0.2) for early versus no SRT. For high-risk BCR, 12-yr overall survival was 81% versus 66% (p < 0.001) and cancer-specific survival was 98% versus 82% (p < 0.001) for early versus no SRT. In multivariable analyses, early SRT decreased the risk for death (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.55, p < 0.01) and cancer-specific death (HR: 0.08, p < 0.001). Late SRT was a predictor of cancer-specific death (HR: 0.17, p < 0.01) but not death (p = 0.1). Improved survival was recorded within the high-risk BCR group for patients treated with early SRT compared with those under observation. Our results suggest recommending early SRT for high-risk BCR men. Conversely, surveillance might be suitable for low-risk BCR, since only nine patients with low-risk BCR died from prostate cancer during follow-up. The impact of salvage radiotherapy (SRT) on cancer-specific outcomes stratified according to the European Association of Urology biochemical recurrence (BCR) risk classification was assessed. While men with high-risk BCR should be offered SRT, surveillance might be a suitable option for those with low-risk BCR.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
The European Association of Urology (EAU) has proposed a risk stratification for patients harboring biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP).
OBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
To assess whether this risk stratification helps in choosing patients for salvage radiotherapy (SRT).
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS METHODS
Analyses of 2379 patients who developed BCR after RP (1989-2020), within ten European high-volume centers, were conducted. Early and late SRT were defined as SRT delivered at prostate-specific antigen values <0.5 and ≥0.5 ng/ml, respectively.
OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS METHODS
Multivariable Cox models tested the effect of SRT versus no SRT on death and cancer-specific death. The Simon-Makuch method tested for survival differences within each risk group.
RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS CONCLUSIONS
Overall, 805 and 1574 patients were classified as having EAU low- and high-risk BCR. The median follow-up was 54 mo after BCR for survivors. For low-risk BCR, 12-yr overall survival was 87% versus 78% (p = 0.2) and cancer-specific survival was 100% versus 96% (p = 0.2) for early versus no SRT. For high-risk BCR, 12-yr overall survival was 81% versus 66% (p < 0.001) and cancer-specific survival was 98% versus 82% (p < 0.001) for early versus no SRT. In multivariable analyses, early SRT decreased the risk for death (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.55, p < 0.01) and cancer-specific death (HR: 0.08, p < 0.001). Late SRT was a predictor of cancer-specific death (HR: 0.17, p < 0.01) but not death (p = 0.1).
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Improved survival was recorded within the high-risk BCR group for patients treated with early SRT compared with those under observation. Our results suggest recommending early SRT for high-risk BCR men. Conversely, surveillance might be suitable for low-risk BCR, since only nine patients with low-risk BCR died from prostate cancer during follow-up.
PATIENT SUMMARY RESULTS
The impact of salvage radiotherapy (SRT) on cancer-specific outcomes stratified according to the European Association of Urology biochemical recurrence (BCR) risk classification was assessed. While men with high-risk BCR should be offered SRT, surveillance might be a suitable option for those with low-risk BCR.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37355358
pii: S0302-2838(23)02886-5
doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.05.038
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Felix Preisser (F)

Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.

Raisa S Abrams-Pompe (RS)

Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Piter Jan Stelwagen (PJ)

Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Dirk Böhmer (D)

Department of Radiation Oncology, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany.

Fabio Zattoni (F)

Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Urology Clinic, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

Alessandro Magli (A)

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Udine, ASUIUD, Udine, Italy; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital San Martino, Belluno, Italy.

Juan Gómez Rivas (JG)

Department of Urology, Clinico San Carlos Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Roser Vives Dilme (RV)

Department of Urology, Clinico San Carlos Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Matteo Sepulcri (M)

Radiation Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy.

Aritz Eguibar (A)

Department of Urology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Isabel Heidegger (I)

Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Christoph Arnold (C)

Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Christian D Fankhauser (CD)

Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland; Department of Urology, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Felix K-H Chun (FK)

Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.

Henk van der Poel (H)

Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Giorgio Gandaglia (G)

Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University and San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.

Thomas Wiegel (T)

Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.

Roderick C N van den Bergh (RCN)

Department of Urology, Antonius Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Derya Tilki (D)

Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Urology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: d.tilki@uke.de.

Classifications MeSH