Exploring why European primary care physicians sometimes do not think of, or act on, a possible cancer diagnosis. A qualitative study.

Europe cancer diagnostic errors physicians, primary care primary health care qualitative research

Journal

BJGP open
ISSN: 2398-3795
Titre abrégé: BJGP Open
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101713531

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
19 Sep 2023
Historique:
received: 15 02 2023
revised: 30 05 2023
accepted: 06 06 2023
pubmed: 29 6 2023
medline: 29 6 2023
entrez: 28 6 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

While primary care physicians (PCPs) play a key role in cancer detection, they can find cancer diagnosis challenging, and some patients have considerable delays between presentation and onward referral. To explore European PCPs' experiences and views on cases where they considered that they had been slow to think of, or act on, a possible cancer diagnosis. A multicentre European qualitative study, based on an online survey with open-ended questions, asking PCPs for their narratives about cases when they had missed a diagnosis of cancer. Using maximum variation sampling, PCPs in 23 European countries were asked to describe what happened in a case where they were slow to think of a cancer diagnosis, and for their views on why it happened. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. A total of 158 PCPs completed the questionnaire. The main themes were as follows: patients' descriptions did not suggest cancer; distracting factors reduced PCPs' cancer suspicions; patients' hesitancy delayed the diagnosis; system factors not facilitating timely diagnosis; PCPs felt that they had acted wrongly; and problems with communicating adequately. The study identified six overarching themes that need to be addressed. Doing so should reduce morbidity and mortality in the small proportion of patients who have a significant, avoidable delay in their cancer diagnosis. The 'Swiss cheese' model of accident causation showed how the themes related to each other.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
While primary care physicians (PCPs) play a key role in cancer detection, they can find cancer diagnosis challenging, and some patients have considerable delays between presentation and onward referral.
AIM OBJECTIVE
To explore European PCPs' experiences and views on cases where they considered that they had been slow to think of, or act on, a possible cancer diagnosis.
DESIGN & SETTING METHODS
A multicentre European qualitative study, based on an online survey with open-ended questions, asking PCPs for their narratives about cases when they had missed a diagnosis of cancer.
METHOD METHODS
Using maximum variation sampling, PCPs in 23 European countries were asked to describe what happened in a case where they were slow to think of a cancer diagnosis, and for their views on why it happened. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.
RESULTS RESULTS
A total of 158 PCPs completed the questionnaire. The main themes were as follows: patients' descriptions did not suggest cancer; distracting factors reduced PCPs' cancer suspicions; patients' hesitancy delayed the diagnosis; system factors not facilitating timely diagnosis; PCPs felt that they had acted wrongly; and problems with communicating adequately.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
The study identified six overarching themes that need to be addressed. Doing so should reduce morbidity and mortality in the small proportion of patients who have a significant, avoidable delay in their cancer diagnosis. The 'Swiss cheese' model of accident causation showed how the themes related to each other.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37380218
pii: BJGPO.2023.0029
doi: 10.3399/BJGPO.2023.0029
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023, The Authors.

Auteurs

Senada Hajdarevic (S)

Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden senada.hajdarevic@umu.se.
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Cecilia Högberg (C)

Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Education and Development Östersund, Unit of Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Mercè Marzo-Castillejo (M)

Research Support Unit Metropolitana Sud, University Institute for Primary Health Care Research IDIAPJordi Gol, Catalan Health Institute, Barcelona, Spain.

Vija Siliņa (V)

Department of Family Medicine, Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia.

Jolanta Sawicka-Powierza (J)

Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.

Magadalena Esteva (M)

Majorca Primary Care Department, Spain.
Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Balearic Islands, Spain.

Tuomas Koskela (T)

Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Center of General Practice,Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.

Davorina Petek (D)

Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Sara Contreras-Martos (S)

Research Support Unit Metropolitana Sud, University Institute for Primary Health Care Research IDIAPJordi Gol, Catalan Health Institute, Barcelona, Spain.

Marcello Mangione (M)

Local Health Authority Committee, Palermo City, Italy.

Zlata Ožvačić Adžić (Z)

Department of Family Medicine, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
Health Center Zagreb-Centar, Zagreb, Croatia.

Radost Asenova (R)

Department Urology and General Practice, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

Svjetlana Gašparović Babić (S)

Croatian Health Insurance Fund, Rijeka, Croatia.

Mette Brekke (M)

Department of Health and Society, General Practice Research Unit, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Krzysztof Buczkowski (K)

Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.

Nicola Buono (N)

Department of General Practice, National Society of Medical Education in General Practice (SNaMID), Caserta, Italy.

Saliha Serap Çifçili (SS)

Family Medicine Department, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey.

Geert-Jan Dinant (GJ)

Department of General Practice, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Babette Doorn (B)

Department of General Practice, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Robert D Hoffman (RD)

Department of Family Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Department of Family Medicine, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Southern District, Israel.

George Kuodza (G)

Department of Family Medicine and Outpatient Care, Medical Faculty #2, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhgorod, Ukraine.

Peter Murchie (P)

Centre of Academic Primary Care, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.

Liina Pilv (L)

Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.

Aida Puia (A)

Department of Family Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Aurimas Rapalavicius (A)

Family Medicine Department, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.

Emmanouil Smyrnakis (E)

Laboratory of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Birgitta Weltermann (B)

Institut für Hausarztmedizin, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Michael Harris (M)

Institute of Primary Health Care Bern (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
College of Medicine & Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.

Classifications MeSH