Observation of high-energy neutrinos from the Galactic plane.

Journal

Science (New York, N.Y.)
ISSN: 1095-9203
Titre abrégé: Science
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0404511

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
30 Jun 2023
Historique:
medline: 3 7 2023
pubmed: 29 6 2023
entrez: 29 6 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

The origin of high-energy cosmic rays, atomic nuclei that continuously impact Earth's atmosphere, is unknown. Because of deflection by interstellar magnetic fields, cosmic rays produced within the Milky Way arrive at Earth from random directions. However, cosmic rays interact with matter near their sources and during propagation, which produces high-energy neutrinos. We searched for neutrino emission using machine learning techniques applied to 10 years of data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. By comparing diffuse emission models to a background-only hypothesis, we identified neutrino emission from the Galactic plane at the 4.5σ level of significance. The signal is consistent with diffuse emission of neutrinos from the Milky Way but could also arise from a population of unresolved point sources.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1126/science.adc9818 PMID: 37384687
pubmed: 37384687
doi: 10.1126/science.adc9818
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1338-1343

Auteurs

R Abbasi (R)

Department of Physics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, USA.

M Ackermann (M)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

J Adams (J)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.

J A Aguilar (JA)

Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

M Ahlers (M)

Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

M Ahrens (M)

Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

J M Alameddine (JM)

Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.

A A Alves (AA)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

N M Amin (NM)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

K Andeen (K)

Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA.

T Anderson (T)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

G Anton (G)

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.

C Argüelles (C)

Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Y Ashida (Y)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

S Athanasiadou (S)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

S Axani (S)

Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

X Bai (X)

Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA.

A Balagopal V (A)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

S W Barwick (SW)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.

V Basu (V)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

S Baur (S)

Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

R Bay (R)

Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

J J Beatty (JJ)

Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

K-H Becker (KH)

Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.

J Becker Tjus (JB)

Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.

J Beise (J)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

C Bellenghi (C)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

S Benda (S)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

S BenZvi (S)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.

D Berley (D)

Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

E Bernardini (E)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.

D Z Besson (DZ)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.

G Binder (G)

Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

D Bindig (D)

Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.

E Blaufuss (E)

Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

S Blot (S)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

M Boddenberg (M)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

F Bontempo (F)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

J Y Book (JY)

Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

J Borowka (J)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

S Böser (S)

Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.

O Botner (O)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

J Böttcher (J)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

E Bourbeau (E)

Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

F Bradascio (F)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

J Braun (J)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

B Brinson (B)

School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

S Bron (S)

Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland.

J Brostean-Kaiser (J)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

R T Burley (RT)

Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.

R S Busse (RS)

Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.

M A Campana (MA)

Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

E G Carnie-Bronca (EG)

Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.

C Chen (C)

School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

Z Chen (Z)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA.

D Chirkin (D)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

K Choi (K)

Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.

B A Clark (BA)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

K Clark (K)

Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.

L Classen (L)

Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.

A Coleman (A)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

G H Collin (GH)

Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

A Connolly (A)

Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

J M Conrad (JM)

Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

P Coppin (P)

Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst Elementary Particles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

P Correa (P)

Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst Elementary Particles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

D F Cowen (DF)

Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

R Cross (R)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.

C Dappen (C)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

P Dave (P)

School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

C De Clercq (C)

Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst Elementary Particles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

J J DeLaunay (JJ)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.

D Delgado López (DD)

Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

H Dembinski (H)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

K Deoskar (K)

Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

A Desai (A)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

P Desiati (P)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

K D de Vries (KD)

Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst Elementary Particles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

G de Wasseige (G)

Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.

T DeYoung (T)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

A Diaz (A)

Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

J C Díaz-Vélez (JC)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

M Dittmer (M)

Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.

H Dujmovic (H)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

M Dunkman (M)

Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

M A DuVernois (MA)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

T Ehrhardt (T)

Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.

P Eller (P)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

R Engel (R)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Experimental Particle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

H Erpenbeck (H)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

J Evans (J)

Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

P A Evenson (PA)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

K L Fan (KL)

Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

A R Fazely (AR)

Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA.

A Fedynitch (A)

Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.

N Feigl (N)

Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.

S Fiedlschuster (S)

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.

A T Fienberg (AT)

Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

C Finley (C)

Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

L Fischer (L)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

D Fox (D)

Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

A Franckowiak (A)

Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

E Friedman (E)

Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

A Fritz (A)

Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.

P Fürst (P)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

T K Gaisser (TK)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

J Gallagher (J)

Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

E Ganster (E)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

A Garcia (A)

Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

S Garrappa (S)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

L Gerhardt (L)

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

A Ghadimi (A)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.

C Glaser (C)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

T Glauch (T)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

T Glüsenkamp (T)

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.

N Goehlke (N)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Experimental Particle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

A Goldschmidt (A)

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

J G Gonzalez (JG)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

S Goswami (S)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.

D Grant (D)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

T Grégoire (T)

Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

S Griswold (S)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.

C Günther (C)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

P Gutjahr (P)

Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.

C Haack (C)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

A Hallgren (A)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

R Halliday (R)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

L Halve (L)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

F Halzen (F)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

M Ha Minh (MH)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

K Hanson (K)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

J Hardin (J)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

A A Harnisch (AA)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

A Haungs (A)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

K Helbing (K)

Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.

F Henningsen (F)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

E C Hettinger (EC)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

S Hickford (S)

Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.

J Hignight (J)

Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1 Canada.

C Hill (C)

Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.

G C Hill (GC)

Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.

K D Hoffman (KD)

Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

K Hoshina (K)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.

W Hou (W)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

F Huang (F)

Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

M Huber (M)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

T Huber (T)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

K Hultqvist (K)

Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

M Hünnefeld (M)

Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.

R Hussain (R)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

K Hymon (K)

Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.

S In (S)

Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.

N Iovine (N)

Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

A Ishihara (A)

Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.

M Jansson (M)

Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

G S Japaridze (GS)

The Center for Theoretical Studies of Physical Systems, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA.

M Jeong (M)

Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.

M Jin (M)

Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

B J P Jones (BJP)

Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.

D Kang (D)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

W Kang (W)

Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.

X Kang (X)

Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

A Kappes (A)

Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.

D Kappesser (D)

Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.

L Kardum (L)

Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.

T Karg (T)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

M Karl (M)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

A Karle (A)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

U Katz (U)

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.

M Kauer (M)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

M Kellermann (M)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

J L Kelley (JL)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

A Kheirandish (A)

Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

K Kin (K)

Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.

J Kiryluk (J)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA.

S R Klein (SR)

Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

A Kochocki (A)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

R Koirala (R)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

H Kolanoski (H)

Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.

T Kontrimas (T)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

L Köpke (L)

Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.

C Kopper (C)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

S Kopper (S)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.

D J Koskinen (DJ)

Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

P Koundal (P)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

M Kovacevich (M)

Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

M Kowalski (M)

Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

T Kozynets (T)

Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

E Krupczak (E)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

E Kun (E)

Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.

N Kurahashi (N)

Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

N Lad (N)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

C Lagunas Gualda (CL)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

J L Lanfranchi (JL)

Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

M J Larson (MJ)

Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

F Lauber (F)

Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.

J P Lazar (JP)

Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

J W Lee (JW)

Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.

K Leonard (K)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

A Leszczyńska (A)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

Y Li (Y)

Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

M Lincetto (M)

Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.

Q R Liu (QR)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

M Liubarska (M)

Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1 Canada.

E Lohfink (E)

Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.

C J Lozano Mariscal (CJL)

Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.

L Lu (L)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

F Lucarelli (F)

Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland.

A Ludwig (A)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

W Luszczak (W)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

Y Lyu (Y)

Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

W Y Ma (WY)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

J Madsen (J)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

K B M Mahn (KBM)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

Y Makino (Y)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

S Mancina (S)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

I C Mariş (IC)

Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

I Martinez-Soler (I)

Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

R Maruyama (R)

Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.

S McCarthy (S)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

T McElroy (T)

Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1 Canada.

F McNally (F)

Department of Physics, Mercer University, Macon, GA 31207-0001, USA.

J V Mead (JV)

Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

K Meagher (K)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

S Mechbal (S)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

A Medina (A)

Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

M Meier (M)

Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.

S Meighen-Berger (S)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

Y Merckx (Y)

Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst Elementary Particles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

J Micallef (J)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

D Mockler (D)

Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

T Montaruli (T)

Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland.

R W Moore (RW)

Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1 Canada.

K Morik (K)

Computer Science Faculty, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.

R Morse (R)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

M Moulai (M)

Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

T Mukherjee (T)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

R Naab (R)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

R Nagai (R)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

R Nahnhauer (R)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

U Naumann (U)

Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.

J Necker (J)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

L V Nguyen (LV)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

H Niederhausen (H)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

M U Nisa (MU)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

S C Nowicki (SC)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

D Nygren (D)

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

A Obertacke Pollmann (AO)

Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.

M Oehler (M)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

B Oeyen (B)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.

A Olivas (A)

Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

E O'Sullivan (E)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

H Pandya (H)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

D V Pankova (DV)

Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

N Park (N)

Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.

G K Parker (GK)

Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.

E N Paudel (EN)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

L Paul (L)

Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA.

C Pérez de Los Heros (CP)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

L Peters (L)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

J Peterson (J)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

S Philippen (S)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

S Pieper (S)

Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.

A Pizzuto (A)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

M Plum (M)

Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA.

Y Popovych (Y)

Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.

A Porcelli (A)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.

M Prado Rodriguez (MP)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

B Pries (B)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

G T Przybylski (GT)

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

C Raab (C)

Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

J Rack-Helleis (J)

Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.

A Raissi (A)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.

M Rameez (M)

Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

K Rawlins (K)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.

I C Rea (IC)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

Z Rechav (Z)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

A Rehman (A)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

P Reichherzer (P)

Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.

R Reimann (R)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

G Renzi (G)

Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

E Resconi (E)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

S Reusch (S)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

W Rhode (W)

Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.

M Richman (M)

Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

B Riedel (B)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

E J Roberts (EJ)

Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.

S Robertson (S)

Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

G Roellinghoff (G)

Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.

M Rongen (M)

Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.

C Rott (C)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.

T Ruhe (T)

Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.

D Ryckbosch (D)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.

D Rysewyk Cantu (DR)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

I Safa (I)

Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

J Saffer (J)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Experimental Particle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

D Salazar-Gallegos (D)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

P Sampathkumar (P)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

S E Sanchez Herrera (SES)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

A Sandrock (A)

Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.

M Santander (M)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.

S Sarkar (S)

Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1 Canada.

S Sarkar (S)

Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK.

K Satalecka (K)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

M Schaufel (M)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

H Schieler (H)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

S Schindler (S)

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.

T Schmidt (T)

Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

A Schneider (A)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

J Schneider (J)

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.

F G Schröder (FG)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

L Schumacher (L)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

G Schwefer (G)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

S Sclafani (S)

Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

D Seckel (D)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

S Seunarine (S)

Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022, USA.

A Sharma (A)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

S Shefali (S)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Experimental Particle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

N Shimizu (N)

Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.

M Silva (M)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

B Skrzypek (B)

Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

B Smithers (B)

Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.

R Snihur (R)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

J Soedingrekso (J)

Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.

A Sogaard (A)

Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

D Soldin (D)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

C Spannfellner (C)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

G M Spiczak (GM)

Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022, USA.

C Spiering (C)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

M Stamatikos (M)

Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

T Stanev (T)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

R Stein (R)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

J Stettner (J)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

T Stezelberger (T)

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

B Stokstad (B)

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

T Stürwald (T)

Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.

T Stuttard (T)

Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

G W Sullivan (GW)

Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

I Taboada (I)

School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

S Ter-Antonyan (S)

Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA.

J Thwaites (J)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

S Tilav (S)

Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

F Tischbein (F)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

K Tollefson (K)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

C Tönnis (C)

Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.

S Toscano (S)

Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

D Tosi (D)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

A Trettin (A)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

M Tselengidou (M)

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.

C F Tung (CF)

School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

A Turcati (A)

Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.

R Turcotte (R)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

C F Turley (CF)

Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

J P Twagirayezu (JP)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

B Ty (B)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

M A Unland Elorrieta (MAU)

Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.

N Valtonen-Mattila (N)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

J Vandenbroucke (J)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

N van Eijndhoven (N)

Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst Elementary Particles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

D Vannerom (D)

Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

J van Santen (J)

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.

J Veitch-Michaelis (J)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

S Verpoest (S)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.

C Walck (C)

Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

W Wang (W)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

T B Watson (TB)

Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.

C Weaver (C)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

P Weigel (P)

Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

A Weindl (A)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

M J Weiss (MJ)

Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

J Weldert (J)

Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.

C Wendt (C)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

J Werthebach (J)

Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.

M Weyrauch (M)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.

N Whitehorn (N)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

C H Wiebusch (CH)

Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

N Willey (N)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

D R Williams (DR)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.

M Wolf (M)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

G Wrede (G)

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.

J Wulff (J)

Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.

X W Xu (XW)

Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA.

J P Yanez (JP)

Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1 Canada.

E Yildizci (E)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

S Yoshida (S)

Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.

S Yu (S)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

T Yuan (T)

Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

Z Zhang (Z)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA.

P Zhelnin (P)

Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Classifications MeSH