Vernal keratoconjunctivitis: Current immunological and clinical evidence and the potential role of omalizumab.
Allergy
Biologics
IgE
Omalizumab
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis
Journal
The World Allergy Organization journal
ISSN: 1939-4551
Titre abrégé: World Allergy Organ J
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101481283
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2023
Jun 2023
Historique:
received:
06
01
2023
revised:
08
05
2023
accepted:
21
05
2023
medline:
30
6
2023
pubmed:
30
6
2023
entrez:
30
6
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a severe ocular allergic disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva that may lead to loss of visual acuity and blindness. The disease occurs primarily in children and is more common in geographical regions characterized by warm temperatures and high humidity. The clinical manifestations of VKC, when inadequately treated, may lead to severe complications and corneal damage. The prevalence of allergen sensitization, specific serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), and specific tear IgE was reported in approximately 55%-60% of patients with VKC, confirming the involvement of IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated mechanisms in the pathophysiology of the condition. This article explores current knowledge on the immunological pathways of VKC and the role of the monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, omalizumab, in its management. The review evaluated the effects of omalizumab beyond the direct IgE-mediated reactions and discusses its potential as a therapeutic target for VKC. Multiple retrospective analyses, case series, and case reports have reported the effectiveness of omalizumab in the management of VKC. A summary of the clinical data from these studies revealed that in children with VKC omalizumab treatment was well tolerated with improvement or resolution of ocular symptoms, reduction in steroid use, and enhancement of quality of life. Omalizumab may serve as a promising treatment option for VKC due to its ability to target both IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated pathophysiological pathways. Larger, controlled clinical trials are needed to support these findings.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37389200
doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100788
pii: S1939-4551(23)00048-0
pmc: PMC10300397
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
100788Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors.
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