Moroccan Women's Attitudes Regarding Pap Smear Test and Adherence to Cervical Cancer Screening.
Acceptability
Awareness
Determinants
HPV
Pap smear test
Screening
Women
Journal
Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education
ISSN: 1543-0154
Titre abrégé: J Cancer Educ
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8610343
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2023
10 2023
Historique:
accepted:
23
05
2023
medline:
21
9
2023
pubmed:
7
7
2023
entrez:
7
7
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In Morocco, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer affecting women after breast cancer. Encouraging more women to practice cervical cancer screening remains a major public health concern. There is a lack of data on awareness and of data concerning the determinants of the acceptability of Pap smear test in Morocco. To fill this gap, our study aims to assess the level of awareness of cervical cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among Moroccan women and to understand the determinants of the acceptability of Pap smear test. We conducted a cross-sectional study including 857 women in the following three Moroccan regions: Casablanca-settat, Marrakech-Safi, and Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, by using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire between November 2019 and February 2020. Out of the total sample, 83.9% of participants were aware of cervical cancer, 87.2% of participants were unaware of HPV, and 51.8% of participants were aware of Pap smear test. The rate of women who had ever had a Pap smear test in our population was only 19.36%. Moreover, our study revealed that more than 78% of participants were willing to undergo Pap smear test regularly in the future. The study revealed parity, age, educational level, risk perception, and the belief that early screening improves the chances of successful treatment, as determinants of acceptability of Pap smear test. Our results have shown that there is an urgent need to implement a strategy to sensitize women on the prevention of cervical cancer. Furthermore, the results of this study should be taken into account in the development of strategic and action plans for the prevention of cervical cancer.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37418146
doi: 10.1007/s13187-023-02317-5
pii: 10.1007/s13187-023-02317-5
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1649-1655Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to American Association for Cancer Education.
Références
GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide . http://gco.iarc.fr/ . Accessed 21 July 2022
Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM, Bosch FX, Kummer JA, Shah KV et al (1999) Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol 189(1):12–19
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199909)189:1<12::AID-PATH431>3.0.CO;2-F
pubmed: 10451482
Jansen EEL, Zielonke N, Gini A, Anttila A, Segnan N, Vokó Z et al (2020) Effect of organised cervical cancer screening on cervical cancer mortality in Europe: a systematic review. Eur JCancer 1(127):207–223
doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.12.013
Smith JS, Lindsay L, Hoots B, Keys J, Franceschi S, Winer R et al (2007) Human papillomavirus type distribution in invasive cervical cancer and high-grade cervical lesions: a meta-analysis update. Int J Cancer 121(3):621–632
doi: 10.1002/ijc.22527
pubmed: 17405118
Gallagher KE, LaMontagne DS, Watson-Jones D (2018) Status of HPV vaccine introduction and barriers to country uptake. Vaccine 36(32 Pt A):4761–4767
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.003
pubmed: 29580641
Mouallif M, Bowyer HL, Festali S, Albert A, Filali-Zegzouti Y, Guenin S et al (2014) Cervical cancer and HPV: awareness and vaccine acceptability among parents in Morocco. Vaccine 32(3):409–416
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.10.069
pubmed: 24188754
Yacouti A, Elkhoudri N, El Got A, Benider A, Hadrya F, Baddou R, Forster A, Mouallif M (2022) Awareness, attitudes and acceptability of the HPV vaccine among female university students in Morocco. PloS One 17(4):e0266081. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266081
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266081
pmcid: 8993020
Kietpeerakool C, Phianmongkhol Y, Jitvatcharanun K, Siriratwatakul U, Srisomboon J (2009) Knowledge, awareness, and attitudes of female sex workers toward HPV infection, cervical cancer, and cervical smears in Thailand. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 107(3):216–219
doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2009.07.023
pubmed: 19716556
McMullin JM, De Alba I, Chávez LR, Hubbell FA (2005) Influence of beliefs about cervical cancer etiology on Pap smear use among Latina immigrants. Ethn Health 10(1):3–18
doi: 10.1080/1355785052000323001
pubmed: 15841584
Moreira ED, Oliveira BG, Ferraz FM, Costa S, Costa Filho JO, Karic G (2006) Knowledge and attitudes about human papillomavirus, Pap smears, and cervical cancer among young women in Brazil: implications for health education and prevention. Int J Gynecol Cancer 16(2):599–603
doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00377.x
pubmed: 16681732
Janz NK, Becker MH (1984) The Health Belief Model: a decade later. Health Educ Q 11(1):1–47
doi: 10.1177/109019818401100101
pubmed: 6392204
Assoumou SZ, Mabika BM, Mbiguino AN, Mouallif M, Khattabi A, Ennaji MM (2015) Awareness and knowledge regarding of cervical cancer, Pap smear screening and human papillomavirus infection in Gabonese women. BMC Womens Health [Internet] 15(1):1–7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4415219/ . Accessed 6 July 2022
Ezechi OC, Gab-Okafor CV, Ostergren PO, Odberg PK (2013) Willingness and acceptability of cervical cancer screening among HIV positive Nigerian women. BMC Public Health 17(13):46
doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-46
Zouheir Y, Daouam S, Hamdi S, Alaoui A, Fechtali T (2016) Knowledge of human papillomavirus and acceptability to vaccinate in adolescents and young adults of the Moroccan population. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 29(3):292–298
doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2015.11.002
pubmed: 26612116
Gibson EG, Gage JC, Castle PE, Scarinci IC (2019) Perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer among African-American women in the Mississippi Delta: does adherence to screening matter? Womens Health Issues 29(1):38–47
doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2018.09.006
pubmed: 30401612
Binka C, Nyarko SH, Doku DT (2016) Cervical cancer knowledge, perceptions and screening behaviour among female university students in Ghana. J Cancer Educ 31(2):322–327
doi: 10.1007/s13187-015-0852-x
pubmed: 25957285
Christian T, Guell C (2015) Knowledge and attitudes of cervical cancer screening among Caribbean women: a qualitative interview study from Barbados. Women Health 55(5):566–579
doi: 10.1080/03630242.2015.1022816
pubmed: 25833319
Aldohaian AI, Alshammari SA, Arafah DM (2019) Using the health belief model to assess beliefs and behaviors regarding cervical cancer screening among Saudi women: a cross-sectional observational study. BMC Womens Health 19(1):6
doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0701-2
pubmed: 30621680
pmcid: 6323726
Ncube B, Bey A, Knight J, Bessler P, Jolly PE (2015) Factors associated with the uptake of cervical cancer screening among women in Portland, Jamaica. N Am J Med Sci 7(3):104–113
doi: 10.4103/1947-2714.153922
pubmed: 25839002
pmcid: 4382764
Ferdous M, Lee S, Goopy S, Yang H, Rumana N, Abedin T et al (2018) Barriers to cervical cancer screening faced by immigrant women in Canada: a systematic scoping review. BMC Womens Health 18:1–13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6180489/ . Accessed 28 July 2022
Compaore S, Ouedraogo CMR, Koanda S, Haynatzki G, Chamberlain RM, Soliman AS (2016) Barriers to cervical cancer screening in Burkina Faso: needs for patient and professional education. J Cancer Educ 31(4):760–766
doi: 10.1007/s13187-015-0898-9
pubmed: 26336956
pmcid: 4779069
Kabalika C, Mulenga D, Mazaba ML, Siziya S (2018) Acceptance of cervical cancer screening and its correlates among women of a peri-urban high-density residential area in Ndola, Zambia. Int J MCH AIDS 7(1):17–27
doi: 10.21106/ijma.223
pubmed: 30305986
pmcid: 6168797
Yörük S, Açıkgöz A, Türkmen H, Ergör G (2019) Risk factors and relationship between screening periodicity and risk of cervical cancer among nurses and midwives. A cross-sectional study. Sao Paulo Med J 137(2):119–125
doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2018.0244230119
pubmed: 31314871
pmcid: 9721239
Liebermann EJ, VanDevanter N, Hammer MJ, Fu MR (2018) Social and cultural barriers to women’s participation in Pap smear screening programs in low- and middle-income Latin American and Caribbean countries: an integrative review. J Transcult Nurs 29(6):591–602
doi: 10.1177/1043659618755424
pubmed: 29366369
Online, face-to-face and telephone surveys—Comparing different sampling methods in wine consumer research - ScienceDirect [Internet]. [cited 2020 Apr 12]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212977413000331 . Accessed 1 July 2022