Categorical consistency facilitates implicit learning of color-number associations.
Journal
PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
Titre abrégé: PLoS One
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101285081
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
received:
28
02
2023
accepted:
22
06
2023
medline:
12
7
2023
pubmed:
10
7
2023
entrez:
10
7
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
In making sense of the environment, we implicitly learn to associate stimulus attributes that frequently occur together. Is such learning favored for categories over individual items? Here, we introduce a novel paradigm for directly comparing category- to item-level learning. In a category-level experiment, even numbers (2,4,6,8) had a high-probability of appearing in blue, and odd numbers (3,5,7,9) in yellow. Associative learning was measured by the relative performance on trials with low-probability (p = .09) to high-probability (p = .91) number colors. There was strong evidence for associative learning: low-probability performance was impaired (40ms RT increase and 8.3% accuracy decrease relative to high-probability). This was not the case in an item-level experiment with a different group of participants, in which high-probability colors were non-categorically assigned (blue: 2,3,6,7; yellow: 4,5,8,9; 9ms RT increase and 1.5% accuracy increase). The categorical advantage was upheld in an explicit color association report (83% accuracy vs. 43% at the item-level). These results support a conceptual view of perception and suggest empirical bases of categorical, not item-level, color labeling of learning materials.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37428745
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288224
pii: PONE-D-23-05869
pmc: PMC10332609
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e0288224Informations de copyright
Copyright: © 2023 Retter et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Références
Behav Res Methods. 2019 Feb;51(1):195-203
pubmed: 30734206
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Apr;13(2):310-5
pubmed: 16893000
Psychon Bull Rev. 2017 Jun;24(3):935-943
pubmed: 27612860
PLoS One. 2019 May 6;14(5):e0212714
pubmed: 31059506
Top Cogn Sci. 2019 Jul;11(3):482-503
pubmed: 30942536
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2015 Aug;144(4):744-63
pubmed: 25985259
Vis Neurosci. 2006 May-Aug;23(3-4):453-60
pubmed: 16961980
Mem Cognit. 1978 Nov;6(6):612-21
pubmed: 723619
Top Cogn Sci. 2019 Jul;11(3):468-481
pubmed: 29630770
Exp Psychol. 2012;59(4):175-82
pubmed: 22411181
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2007 Mar;33(2):394-406
pubmed: 17352620
Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2003 Apr;16(2):232-7
pubmed: 12668232
J Opt Soc Am. 1960 Jan;50:73-7
pubmed: 13797246
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2021 Dec;150(12):2552-2566
pubmed: 33829823
J Neurosci Methods. 2002 Mar 15;114(2):173-9
pubmed: 11856568
Trends Cogn Sci. 2006 May;10(5):233-8
pubmed: 16616590
Psychol Bull. 1991 Mar;109(2):163-203
pubmed: 2034749
Conscious Cogn. 2007 Jun;16(2):421-35
pubmed: 16899377
Neuron. 2005 Nov 3;48(3):509-20
pubmed: 16269367
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1985 Jul;11(3):501-18
pubmed: 3160813
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2018 Jan;80(1):155-165
pubmed: 28975593
Cognition. 1999 Nov 9;73(1):B1-B15
pubmed: 10536225
Child Dev. 2020 Jul;91(4):e799-e813
pubmed: 31580499
Iperception. 2018 May 31;9(3):2041669518777515
pubmed: 29899968
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2014 Apr 1;31(4):A75-81
pubmed: 24695206
Cereb Cortex. 2010 Aug;20(8):1946-54
pubmed: 20019147
Psychol Sci. 2006 Oct;17(10):905-12
pubmed: 17100792
Cogn Psychol. 1998 Jun;36(1):28-71
pubmed: 9679076
J Cogn Neurosci. 2005 Nov;17(11):1766-73
pubmed: 16269112
Psychon Bull Rev. 2018 Apr;25(2):658-666
pubmed: 29404798
Perception. 2006;35(8):1024-33
pubmed: 17076063
Vision Res. 2009 May;49(9):996-1005
pubmed: 19324066
Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2007;25(5-6):493-500
pubmed: 18334767
Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 27;10(1):18376
pubmed: 33110202
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1993 Jul;19(4):789-98
pubmed: 8345324
Am J Psychol. 1964 Dec;77:576-88
pubmed: 14255565
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2020 Apr 1;37(4):V1-V14
pubmed: 32400510
Psychon Bull Rev. 2014 Oct;21(5):1346-52
pubmed: 24671776
Science. 1996 Dec 13;274(5294):1926-8
pubmed: 8943209
Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2012 Jun 1;21(3):170-176
pubmed: 24000273
Front Psychol. 2014 Jul 07;5:702
pubmed: 25071668
Eur J Neurosci. 2009 Mar;29(6):1287-93
pubmed: 19302164
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2006 Jun;32(3):705-16
pubmed: 16822133
Q J Exp Psychol A. 1996 May;49(2):490-518
pubmed: 8685393
Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Aug 19;8:509
pubmed: 25191239
Cortex. 2020 May;126:141-152
pubmed: 32078819
Q J Exp Psychol. 1968 Nov;20(4):351-9
pubmed: 5720571
J Vis. 2020 Mar 17;20(3):7
pubmed: 32232377
Psychol Sci. 2008 Jul;19(7):678-85
pubmed: 18727783
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1989 Nov;15(6):1070-82
pubmed: 2530307
Mem Cognit. 2008 Mar;36(2):231-9
pubmed: 18426057
Psychon Bull Rev. 2003 Sep;10(3):638-44
pubmed: 14620358
Neuropsychologia. 2012 Dec;50(14):3641-52
pubmed: 23017594
Trends Cogn Sci. 1998 Oct 1;2(10):406-16
pubmed: 21227256
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2001 Dec;130(4):600-20
pubmed: 11757871
Front Psychol. 2018 Jun 28;9:1081
pubmed: 30002640