Immune-checkpoint expression in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of cytomegaloviruses infection after transplantation: as a diagnostic biomarker.
Biomarker
CMV
Cytomegalovirus
Diagnosis
Immune-checkpoints
Transplantation
Journal
Archives of microbiology
ISSN: 1432-072X
Titre abrégé: Arch Microbiol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0410427
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 Jul 2023
10 Jul 2023
Historique:
received:
25
05
2023
accepted:
30
06
2023
revised:
26
06
2023
medline:
12
7
2023
pubmed:
11
7
2023
entrez:
10
7
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, mostly causes only slight feverish symptoms or can be asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals. However, it is known to be particularly a significant cause of morbidity in immunocompromised patients, including transplant recipients, whose immune system has been weakened due to the consumption of immunosuppressor drugs. Therefore, the diagnosis of CMV infection after transplantation is crucial. New diagnostic methods for the quick detection of CMV have been developed as a result of understanding the clinical importance of invasive CMV. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T cells are important components of the immune system and it may be possible to diagnose viral infections using immunological markers, such as lymphocytosis, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and serum cytokine levels. Moreover, PD-1, CTLA 4, and TIGIT, which are expressed on certain T cells and antigen-presenting cells, are over-expressed during the infection. The assessment of CMV infection based on T cell and APC activity, and the expression of immunological checkpoints, can be helpful for the diagnosis of transplant patients at risk for CMV infection. In this review, we will investigate how immune checkpoints affect immune cells and how they impair organ transplantation after CMV infection.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37430000
doi: 10.1007/s00203-023-03623-8
pii: 10.1007/s00203-023-03623-8
doi:
Substances chimiques
Cytokines
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
280Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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